我尝试在Java程序中实现RSA算法。我面临“ BadPaddingException：数据必须以零开头”的问题。以下是用于加密和解密我的数据的方法：

public byte[] encrypt(byte[] input)  throws Exception
{
    Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding");//
    cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, this.publicKey);
    return cipher.doFinal(input);
}

public byte[] decrypt(byte[] input)  throws Exception
{   
    Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding");///
    cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, this.privateKey);
    return cipher.doFinal(input);
}

通过以下方式从文件中读取privateKey和publicKey属性：

public PrivateKey readPrivKeyFromFile(String keyFileName) throws IOException {
    PrivateKey key = null;
    try {
        FileInputStream fin = new FileInputStream(keyFileName);
        ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(fin);
        BigInteger m = (BigInteger) ois.readObject();
        BigInteger e = (BigInteger) ois.readObject();
        RSAPrivateKeySpec keySpec = new RSAPrivateKeySpec(m, e);
        KeyFactory fact = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
        key = fact.generatePrivate(keySpec);
        ois.close();
    }
    catch (Exception e) {
       e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return key;
}

私钥和公钥的创建方式如下：

public void Initialize() throws Exception
{
    KeyPairGenerator keygen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
    keygen.initialize(2048);
    keyPair = keygen.generateKeyPair();
    KeyFactory fact = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
    RSAPublicKeySpec pub = fact.getKeySpec(keyPair.getPublic(), RSAPublicKeySpec.class);
    RSAPrivateKeySpec priv = fact.getKeySpec(keyPair.getPrivate(), RSAPrivateKeySpec.class);

    saveToFile("public.key", pub.getModulus(), pub.getPublicExponent());
    saveToFile("private.key", priv.getModulus(), priv.getPrivateExponent());
}

然后保存在文件中：

public void saveToFile(String fileName, BigInteger mod, BigInteger exp) throws IOException {
    FileOutputStream f = new FileOutputStream(fileName);
    ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(f);
    oos.writeObject(mod);
    oos.writeObject(exp);
    oos.close();
}

我不知道问题是怎么来的。任何帮助将不胜感激！

提前致谢。