Python maya.cmds 模块，skinCluster() 实例源码

def get_skin_clusters(nodes):
    """Get the skinClusters attached to the specified node and all nodes in descendents.

    :param nodes: List of dag nodes.
    @return A list of the skinClusters in the hierarchy of the specified root node.
    """
    if isinstance(nodes, basestring):
        nodes = [nodes, ]
    all_skins = []
    for node in nodes:
        relatives = cmds.listRelatives(node, ad=True, path=True) or []
        relatives.insert(0, node)
        relatives = [shortcuts.get_shape(node) for node in relatives]
        for relative in relatives:
            history = cmds.listHistory(relative, pruneDagObjects=True, il=2) or []
            skins = [x for x in history if cmds.nodeType(x) == 'skinCluster']
            if skins:
                all_skins.append(skins[0])
    return list(set(all_skins))

def copy_skin(source, destination):
    '''Duplicate the selected mesh with skinning'''

    joints = utils.get_history(source, 'joint')
    history = utils.get_history(destination, 'skinCluster')
    if history:
        skincluster = history[0]
        for joint in joints:
            try:
                cmds.skinCluster(skincluster, edit=True, lw=True, ai=joint)
            except RuntimeError as e:
                if 'is already attached' not in str(e):
                    raise
    else:
        skincluster = cmds.skinCluster(*(joints + [destination]), tsb=True)
    cmds.copySkinWeights(
        source, destination,
        noMirror=True,
        surfaceAssociation='closestPoint',
        influenceAssociation='closestJoint'
    )

def copySkinInfluences(source, dest):

    sourceSkin = getSkinCluster(source)
    if not sourceSkin:
        return False

    joints = mc.skinCluster(sourceSkin, query=True, influence=True)

    destSkin = getSkinCluster(dest)

    if not destSkin:
        destSkin = mc.skinCluster(joints, dest, toSelectedBones=True)[0]
    else:
        destJoints = mc.skinCluster(destSkin, query=True, influence=True)
        for joint in [x for x in joints if x not in destJoints]:
            mc.skinCluster(destSkin, edit=True, addInfluence=joint, lockWeights=False, weight=0)

    return destSkin

def copySkinComponents(source, destinationVerts):

    if not mc.listRelatives(source, shapes=True):
        raise RuntimeError('Source object must be geometry.')

    sourceSkin = getSkinCluster(source)

    if not sourceSkin:
        raise RuntimeError("Source mesh doesn't have a skinCluster to copy from.")

    destMesh = mc.ls(destinationVerts[0], o=True)[0]
    destMesh = mc.listRelatives(destMesh, parent=True)[0]
    destSkin = copySkinInfluences(source, destMesh)

    tempSet = mc.sets(destinationVerts)

    mc.select(source, tempSet)

    mc.copySkinWeights(noMirror=True,
                       surfaceAssociation='closestPoint', 
                       influenceAssociation='closestJoint', 
                       normalize=True)    

    mc.delete(tempSet)
    mc.select(destinationVerts)

def export_skin(file_path=None, shapes=None):
    """Exports the skinClusters of the given shapes to disk in a pickled list of skinCluster data.

    :param file_path: Path to export the data.
    :param shapes: Optional list of dag nodes to export skins from.  All descendent nodes will be searched for
    skinClusters also.
    """
    if shapes is None:
        shapes = cmds.ls(sl=True) or []

    # If no shapes were selected, export all skins
    skins = get_skin_clusters(shapes) if shapes else cmds.ls(type='skinCluster')
    if not skins:
        raise RuntimeError('No skins to export.')

    if file_path is None:
        file_path = cmds.fileDialog2(dialogStyle=2, fileMode=0, fileFilter='Skin Files (*{0})'.format(EXTENSION))
        if file_path:
            file_path = file_path[0]
    if not file_path:
        return
    if not file_path.endswith(EXTENSION):
        file_path += EXTENSION

    all_data = []
    for skin in skins:
        skin = SkinCluster(skin)
        data = skin.gather_data()
        all_data.append(data)
        logging.info('Exporting skinCluster %s on %s (%d influences, %d vertices)',
                     skin.node, skin.shape, len(data['weights'].keys()), len(data['blendWeights']))
    fh = open(file_path, 'wb')
    json.dump(all_data, fh)
    fh.close()

def __init__(self, skin_cluster):
        """Constructor"""
        self.node = skin_cluster
        self.shape = cmds.listRelatives(cmds.deformer(skin_cluster, q=True, g=True)[0], parent=True, path=True)[0]

        # Get the skinCluster MObject
        self.mobject = shortcuts.get_mobject(self.node)
        self.fn = OpenMayaAnim.MFnSkinCluster(self.mobject)
        self.data = {
            'weights': {},
            'blendWeights': [],
            'name': self.node,
            'shape': self.shape
        }

def gather_data(self):
        """Gather all the skinCluster data into a dictionary so it can be serialized.

        :return: The data dictionary containing all the skinCluster data.
        """
        dag_path, components = self.__get_geometry_components()
        self.gather_influence_weights(dag_path, components)
        self.gather_blend_weights(dag_path, components)

        for attr in SkinCluster.attributes:
            self.data[attr] = cmds.getAttr('%s.%s' % (self.node, attr))
        return self.data

def setUp(self):
        self.joint1 = cmds.joint(p=(-0.5, -0.5, 0))
        self.joint2 = cmds.joint(p=(0, 0.0, 0))
        self.joint3 = cmds.joint(p=(0.5, 0.5, 0))
        self.shape = cmds.polyCube()[0]
        cmds.delete(self.shape, ch=True)
        self.skin = cmds.skinCluster(self.joint1, self.joint2, self.joint3, self.shape)[0]
        self.expected = {
            'bindMethod': 1,
            'blendWeights': [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0],
            'dropoffRate': 4.0,
            'heatmapFalloff': 0.0,
            'maintainMaxInfluences': False,
            'maxInfluences': 2,
            'name': u'skinCluster1',
            'normalizeWeights': 1,
            'shape': u'pCube1',
            'skinningMethod': 0,
            'useComponents': False,
            'weightDistribution': 0,
            'weights': {
                u'joint1': [0.9, 0.5, 0.5, 0.0, 0.5, 0.0, 0.9, 0.5],
                u'joint2': [0.10000000000000002,
                            0.5,
                            0.5,
                            0.5,
                            0.5,
                            0.5,
                            0.10000000000000002,
                            0.5],
                u'joint3': [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5, 0.0, 0.5, 0.0, 0.0]}
        }

def dm2skin_getLargestInfluenceOnVert(vertex, skinCluster=None):
    """Given a vertex returns the largest influence in the provided
    skin cluster that acts upon it."""
    if not skinCluster:
        return False

    vertInfs = cmds.skinCluster(skinCluster, q=True, inf=True)
    vertVals = cmds.skinPercent(skinCluster, vertex, q=True, value=True)
    return vertInfs[vertVals.index(max(vertVals))]

def dm2skin_getNeighbouringJoints(joint, vertexString=None, cluster=None, influences=3):
    """This gets a list of nearby joints in the skin cluster to joint up to
    the number of influences. These will be the ones we use in our minimization
    later"""

    if not cmds.objExists(joint):
        return False
    if influences < 3:
        return False
    if not cluster:
        return False

    clusterJoints = cmds.skinCluster(cluster, q=True, inf=True)

    pos1 = cmds.xform(vertexString, q=True, ws=True, t=True)

    parentJoint = cmds.listRelatives(joint, parent=True)

    subtract = 1
    # add the main joint
    resultList = [joint]
    # i've found it works best to always include the parent
    if parentJoint and parentJoint in clusterJoints:
        resultList.insert(0, parentJoint[0])
        subtract = 2

    # for the rest of the available influences get a list of nearby joints in space
    measureList = []
    for measureJnt in clusterJoints:
        if measureJnt not in resultList:
            jntPos2 = cmds.xform(measureJnt, q=True, ws=True, t=True)
            #this just gets the length of the vector between the two joints
            dist = math.sqrt(reduce(lambda x, y: x + y, [math.pow(jntPos2[i] - pos1[i], 2) for i in range(len(pos1))]))
            measureList.append((measureJnt, dist))

    # sort the list in ascending order so we get the closest joints first
    measureList.sort(key=lambda dist: dist[1])
    ascendingList = [entry[0] for entry in measureList[0:influences - subtract]]
    return resultList + ascendingList

def dm2skin_getMaxInfluences(mesh):
    """Finds a skin cluster on the given mesh and returns
    the number of influences it is set to have."""
    skinClusterStr = 'findRelatedSkinCluster("' + mesh + '")'
    skinCluster = mel.eval(skinClusterStr)
    if not skinCluster:
        return 0
    allInfluences = cmds.skinCluster(skinCluster, q=True, inf=True)
    return len(allInfluences)

def copySkinning(*args):
    """select the orig bound mesh, then the new unbound target mesh and run"""

    sel = cmds.ls(sl=True)
    orig = sel[0]
    target = sel[1]

    #get orig obj joints
    try:
        jnts = cmds.skinCluster(orig, q=True, influence = True)
    except:
        cmds.warning("couldn't get skin weights from {}".format(orig))

    #bind the target with the jnts
    try:
        targetClus = cmds.skinCluster(jnts, target, bindMethod=0, skinMethod=0, normalizeWeights=1, maximumInfluences = 3, obeyMaxInfluences=False, tsb=True)[0]
        print targetClus
    except:
        cmds.warning("couln't bind to {}".format(target))

    #get skin clusters
    origClus = mel.eval("findRelatedSkinCluster " + orig)

    #copy skin weights from orig to target
    try:
        cmds.copySkinWeights(ss=origClus, ds=targetClus, noMirror=True, sa="closestPoint", ia="closestJoint")
    except:
        cmds.warning("couldn't copy skin weights from {0} to {1}".format(orig, target))

def new_joint_bind_at_center(tform, *args):
    """
    create a new joint at the boudnign box center of pts and bind all pts to 1
    :param tform - string - the geo to bind
    :param args:
    :return: string - skinCluster
    """
    cmds.select(cl=True)
    jnt = cmds.joint(name="{0}_base_JNT".format(tform))
    center = bounding_box_center(tform)
    cmds.xform(jnt, ws=True, t=center)
    skinCl = cmds.skinCluster(jnt, tform, normalizeWeights=1)[0]

    return(jnt, skinCl)

def main():

    sel = mc.ls(sl=True)

    for each in sel:
        shapes = mc.listRelatives(each, shapes=True)

        for shape in shapes:
            #get skin cluster
            history = mc.listHistory(shape, groupLevels=True, pruneDagObjects=True)
            skins = mc.ls(history, type='skinCluster')

            for skin in skins:
                joints = mc.skinCluster(skin, query=True, influence=True)

                mc.setAttr(skin+'.envelope', 0)
                mc.skinCluster(skin, edit=True, unbindKeepHistory=True)

                #delete bindPose
                dagPose = mc.dagPose(each, query=True, bindPose=True)
                if dagPose:
                    mc.delete(dagPose)
                dagPose = mc.listConnections(skin+'.bindPose', d=False, type='dagPose')
                if dagPose:
                    mc.delete(dagPose)

                mc.skinCluster(joints, shape, toSelectedBones=True)
                mc.setAttr(skin+'.envelope', 1)
    if sel:
        mc.select(sel)

def getSkinCluster(mesh):

    shapes = mc.listRelatives(mesh, shapes=True, path=True)

    for shape in shapes:
        history = mc.listHistory(shape, groupLevels=True, pruneDagObjects=True)
        if not history:
            continue
        skins = mc.ls(history, type='skinCluster')
        if skins:
            return skins[0]

    return None

def softSelectionSkinWeights(*args):

    model = mc.ls(sl=True, o=True)
    joints = mc.ls(model, type='joint')
    mc.select(joints, deselect=True)
    weights = getSoftSelectionWeights()

    if not model or not joints or not weights:
        raise RuntimeError('Select vertices followed by a joint')

    if len(joints) > 1:
        raise RuntimeError('Only one joint can be selected at a time')

    joint = joints[0]

    skin = utl.getSkinCluster(model[0])

    if not skin:
        raise RuntimeError('Mesh must have an existing skinCluster')

    influences = mc.skinCluster(skin, query=True, influence=True)
    if joint not in influences:
        mc.skinCluster(skin, edit=True, addInfluence=joint, lockWeights=False, weight=0)

    for influence in influences:
        mc.skinCluster(skin, edit=True, influence=influence, lockWeights=False)

    for vertex, weight in weights.items():
        mc.skinPercent(skin, vertex, transformValue=(joint, weight))

    mc.select(joint)


#      ______________________
# - -/__ Revision History __/- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
#
# Revision 1: 2016-12-31 : Initial publish

def create_spine(start_joint, end_joint, lower_control, upper_control, name='spine'):
    spline_chain, original_chain = shortcuts.duplicate_chain(start_joint, end_joint, prefix='ikSpine_')

    # Create the spline ik
    ikh, effector, curve = cmds.ikHandle(
        name='{0}_ikh'.format(name), solver='ikSplineSolver',
        startJoint=spline_chain[0], endEffector=spline_chain[-1], parentCurve=False,
        simplifyCurve=False)
    effector = cmds.rename(effector, '{0}_eff'.format(name))
    curve = cmds.rename(curve, '{0}_crv'.format(name))

    # Create the joints to skin the curve
    curve_start_joint = cmds.duplicate(start_joint, parentOnly=True, name='{0}CurveStart_jnt'.format(name))
    cmds.parent(curve_start_joint, lower_control)
    curve_end_joint = cmds.duplicate(end_joint, parentOnly=True, name='{0}CurveEnd_jnt'.format(name))
    cmds.parent(curve_end_joint, upper_control)

    # Skin curve
    cmds.skinCluster(curve_start_joint, curve_end_joint, curve, name='{0}_scl'.format(name), tsb=True)

    # Create stretch network
    curve_info = cmds.arclen(curve, constructionHistory=True)
    mdn = cmds.createNode('multiplyDivide', name='{0}Stretch_mdn'.format(name))
    cmds.connectAttr('{0}.arcLength'.format(curve_info), '{0}.input1X'.format(mdn))
    cmds.setAttr('{0}.input2X'.format(mdn), cmds.getAttr('{0}.arcLength'.format(curve_info)))
    cmds.setAttr('{0}.operation'.format(mdn), 2)  # Divide

    # Connect to joints
    for joint in spline_chain[1:]:
        tx = cmds.getAttr('{0}.translateX'.format(joint))
        mdl = cmds.createNode('multDoubleLinear', name='{0}Stretch_mdl'.format(joint))
        cmds.setAttr('{0}.input1'.format(mdl), tx)
        cmds.connectAttr('{0}.outputX'.format(mdn), '{0}.input2'.format(mdl))
        cmds.connectAttr('{0}.output'.format(mdl), '{0}.translateX'.format(joint))

    # Setup advanced twist
    cmds.setAttr('{0}.dTwistControlEnable'.format(ikh), True)
    cmds.setAttr('{0}.dWorldUpType'.format(ikh), 4)  # Object up
    cmds.setAttr('{0}.dWorldUpAxis'.format(ikh), 0)  # Positive Y Up
    cmds.setAttr('{0}.dWorldUpVectorX'.format(ikh), 0)
    cmds.setAttr('{0}.dWorldUpVectorY'.format(ikh), 1)
    cmds.setAttr('{0}.dWorldUpVectorZ'.format(ikh), 0)
    cmds.setAttr('{0}.dWorldUpVectorEndX'.format(ikh), 0)
    cmds.setAttr('{0}.dWorldUpVectorEndY'.format(ikh), 1)
    cmds.setAttr('{0}.dWorldUpVectorEndZ'.format(ikh), 0)
    cmds.connectAttr('{0}.worldMatrix[0]'.format(lower_control), '{0}.dWorldUpMatrix'.format(ikh))
    cmds.connectAttr('{0}.worldMatrix[0]'.format(upper_control), '{0}.dWorldUpMatrixEnd'.format(ikh))

    # Constrain original chain back to spline chain
    for ik_joint, joint in zip(spline_chain, original_chain):
        if joint == end_joint:
            cmds.pointConstraint(ik_joint, joint, mo=True)
            cmds.orientConstraint(upper_control, joint, mo=True)
        else:
            cmds.parentConstraint(ik_joint, joint)

def create_joint(cvs, wts):
    tform = cvs[0].partition(".")[0]
    curve = cmds.listRelatives(tform, f=True, s=True)[0]

    ps = []
    center = []
    for cv in cvs:
        ps.append(cmds.pointPosition(cv))
        center = [sum(y)/len(y) for y in zip(*ps)]

    #create joint at location
    # ----------- should get closest point on surface   
    cmds.select(cl=True)    
    jnt = cmds.joint()
    cmds.xform(jnt, ws=True, t=center)

#---------------- orient the joint along the curve?
#---------------- here create the ctrl set up for the joint

    ctrl = rig.createControl(name="{0}Ctrl".format(jnt), type="sphere", color="red")
    grp = cmds.group(name="{0}Grp".format(ctrl), em=True)
    cmds.parent(ctrl, grp)
    cmds.xform(grp, ws=True, t=center)
    cmds.parent(jnt, ctrl)

    # scale the control
    comps = cmds.ls("{0}.cv[*]".format(ctrl))
    cmds.select(comps, r=True)
    cmds.scale(.2,.2,.2)

    #add influence to skin Cluster
    cmds.select(tform, r=True)
    cmds.skinCluster(e=True, ai=jnt, wt=0)

    cmds.setAttr("{0}.v".format(jnt), 0)

    #apply weights to that joint
    cls = mel.eval("findRelatedSkinCluster " + tform)
    for v in range(len(cvs)):
        cmds.skinPercent(cls, cvs[v], transformValue=[jnt, wts[v]])

    return(jnt, ctrl, grp)

def soft_selection_to_joint(*args):
    """
    takes a soft selection of verts and creates a joint to bind & wieght them in that proportion
    :param args:
    :return: string - name of the soft sel joint we've created
    """
# TODO - check for selection of verts!
    selVtx = cmds.ls(sl=True, fl=True) # to get center for joint
    vtxs, wts = rig.get_soft_selection() # to get weights for jnt

    tform = vtxs[0].partition(".")[0]
    mesh = cmds.listRelatives(tform, s=True)[0]
    ptOnSurface = cmds.checkBoxGrp(widgets["jntCPOMCBG"], q=True, v1=True)
    auto = cmds.checkBoxGrp(widgets["jntAutoCBG"], q=True, v1=True)
    jntName = cmds.textFieldGrp(widgets["jntNameTFG"], q=True, tx=True)
    rotOnSurface = cmds.checkBoxGrp(widgets["jntRotCBG"], q=True, v1=True)

    cls = mel.eval("findRelatedSkinCluster " + tform)
    if not cls:
        if auto:
            baseJnt, cls = rig.new_joint_bind_at_center(tform)
        else:
            cmds.warning("There isn't an initial bind on this geometry. Either create one or check 'auto'")
            return()

    center = rig.average_point_positions(selVtx)
    rot = (0,0,0)
    if ptOnSurface:
        center = rig.closest_pt_on_mesh_position(center, mesh)
    if rotOnSurface:
        rot = rig.closest_pt_on_mesh_rotation(center, mesh)

    cmds.select(cl=True)
    jnt = cmds.joint(name = jntName)
    cmds.xform(jnt, ws=True, t=center)
    cmds.xform(jnt, ws=True, ro=rot)

    # add influence to skin Cluster
    cmds.select(tform, r=True)
    cmds.skinCluster(e=True, ai=jnt, wt=0)

    # apply weights to that joint
    for v in range(len(vtxs)):
        cmds.skinPercent(cls, vtxs[v], transformValue=[jnt, wts[v]])

    newName = rig.increment_name(jntName)
    cmds.textFieldGrp(widgets["jntNameTFG"], tx=newName, e=True)

    return(jnt)

def createCenterOfMass(*args):
    '''
    Create a center of mass node, and constrain it to the 
    character based on the selected root node.
    '''

    sel = mc.ls(sl=True)

    if not len(sel) == 1:
        raise RuntimeError('Please select the root control of your puppet.')

    print 'Create Center Of Mass Node'
    print '--------------------------'

    meshes = meshesFromReference(sel[0]) or meshesFromHistory(sel[0])

    if not meshes:
        raise RuntimeError('Could not determine geomerty from selected control. Make sure geo is visible.')

    mc.select(meshes)
    mc.refresh()

    print 'Discovered Meshes:'
    for mesh in meshes:
        print '\t',mesh

    skinnedMeshes = []
    for mesh in meshes:
        if utl.getSkinCluster(mesh):
            skinnedMeshes.append(mesh)
            continue
        hist = mc.listHistory(mesh, breadthFirst=True)
        skins = mc.ls(hist, type='skinCluster')
        if not skins:
            warnings.warn('Could not find a skinned mesh affecting {}'.format(mesh))
            continue
        outGeo = mc.listConnections(skins[0]+'.outputGeometry[0]', source=False)
        outGeo = mc.ls(outGeo, type=['mesh','transform'])
        if not outGeo:
            warnings.warn('Could not find a skinned mesh affecting {}'.format(mesh))
            continue
        skinnedMeshes.append(outGeo[0])

    if not skinnedMeshes:
        raise RuntimeError('Could not determine skinned geometry from selected control. This tool will only work if geo is skinned.')

    locator = centerOfMassLocator(skinnedMeshes)

    mc.addAttr(locator, longName=COM_ATTR, attributeType='message')
    mc.connectAttr('.'.join((sel[0],'message')), '.'.join((locator,COM_ATTR)))

    mc.select(sel)
    return locator