小编典典

Java SAX解析

java

我需要解析一个XML流。由于我只需要做一次就可以构建我的java对象,因此SAX看起来很自然。我正在扩展DefaultHandler并实现startElement,endElement和character方法,在我的类中具有保存当前读取值(在characters方法中使用)的成员。

我可以轻松完成所需的工作,但是我的代码变得相当复杂,并且我确信没有理由这样做,并且我可以做不同的事情。我的XML的结构是这样的:

<players>
  <player>
    <id></id>
    <name></name>
    <teams total="2">
      <team>
        <id></id>
        <name></name>
        <start-date>
          <year>2009</year>
          <month>9</month>
        </start-date>
        <is-current>true</is-current>
      </team>
      <team>
        <id></id>
        <name></name>
        <start-date>
          <year>2007</year>
          <month>11</month>
        </start-date>
        <end-date>
          <year>2009</year>
          <month>7</month>
        </end-date>
      </team>
    </teams>
  </player>
</players>

当我意识到在文件的多个区域中使用相同的标签名称时,我的问题就开始了。例如,一个球员和一个团队都存在id和name。我想创建我的Java类Player和Team的实例。解析时,我会保持布尔值标记来告诉我是否属于“团队”部分,以便在endElement中,我将知道该名称是团队的名称,而不是玩家的名称,依此类推。

我的代码如下所示:

public class MyParser extends DefaultHandler {

    private String currentValue;
    private boolean inTeamsSection = false;
    private Player player;
    private Team team;
    private List<Team> teams;

    public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException {
        currentValue = new String(ch, start, length);
    }

    public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String name, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
        if(name.equals("player")){
            player = new Player();
        }
        if (name.equals("teams")) {
            inTeamsSection = true;
            teams = new ArrayList<Team>();
        }
        if (name.equals("team")){
            team = new Team();
        }
    }

    public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String name) throws SAXException {
        if (name.equals("id")) {
            if(inTeamsSection){
                team.setId(currentValue);
            }
            else{
                player.setId(currentValue);
            }
        }
        if (name.equals("name")){
            if(inTeamsSection){
                team.setName(currentValue);
            }
            else{
                player.setName(currentValue);
            }
        }
        if (name.equals("team")){
            teams.add(team);
        }
        if (name.equals("teams")){
            player.setTeams(teams);
            inTeamsSection = false;
        }
    }
}

因为在我的真实场景中,除了团队之外,我还有一个玩家节点,而且这些节点还具有名称和ID之类的标签,所以我发现自己陷入了类似于inTeamsSection的几个布尔值,并且endElement方法变得冗长而复杂条件。

我应该怎么做?例如,我怎么知道名称标签属于什么?

谢谢!


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2020-09-26

共1个答案

小编典典

编写SAX解析器时有一个巧妙的窍门:允许ContentHandler在解析时更改
XMLReader的。这允许将不同元素的解析逻辑分为多个类,从而使解析更具模块化和可重用性。当一个处理程序看到其结束元素时,它将切换回其父级。您将实现多少个处理程序。代码如下所示:

public class RootHandler extends DefaultHandler {
    private XMLReader reader;
    private List<Team> teams;

    public RootHandler(XMLReader reader) {
        this.reader = reader;
        this.teams = new LinkedList<Team>();
    }

    public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String name, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
        if (name.equals("team")) {
            // Switch handler to parse the team element
            reader.setContentHandler(new TeamHandler(reader, this));
        }
    }
}

public class TeamHandler extends DefaultHandler {
    private XMLReader reader;
    private RootHandler parent;
    private Team team;
    private StringBuilder content;

    public TeamHandler(XMLReader reader, RootHandler parent) {
        this.reader = reader;
        this.parent = parent;
        this.content = new StringBuilder();
        this.team = new Team();
    }

    // characters can be called multiple times per element so aggregate the content in a StringBuilder
    public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException {
        content.append(ch, start, length);
    }

    public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String name, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
        content.setLength(0);
    }

    public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String name) throws SAXException {
        if (name.equals("name")) {
            team.setName(content.toString());
        } else if (name.equals("team")) {
            parent.addTeam(team);
            // Switch handler back to our parent
            reader.setContentHandler(parent);
        }
    }
}
2020-09-26