对不起，我的英语不好。我为AbstractRoutingDataSource编写了实现：

public class DatabaseRoutingDataSource extends AbstractRoutingDataSource{

    @Override
    protected Object determineCurrentLookupKey() {      
        return DatabaseContextHolder.getDatabaseType();
    }

}

我创建了用于在数据库之间进行切换的新类：

public class DatabaseContextHolder {

    private static final ThreadLocal<DatabaseType> contextHolder = new ThreadLocal<DatabaseType>();

    public static void setDatabaseType(DatabaseType databaseType) {
        contextHolder.set(databaseType);
    }

    public static DatabaseType getDatabaseType() {
        return (DatabaseType) contextHolder.get();
    }

    public static void clearDatabaseType() {
        contextHolder.remove();
    }
}

其中DatabaseType为：

public enum DatabaseType {
    MAIN,
    BACKUP
}

在我的beans.xml中：

<bean id="mainDataSource" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
    <property name="jndiName" value="java:/jdbc/DBMIDS"/>
</bean>
<bean id="backupDataSource" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
    <property name="jndiName" value="java:/jdbc/DBMIDS2"/>
</bean>
<bean id="dataSource" class="DatabaseRoutingDataSource">
    <property name="targetDataSources">
        <map key-type="DatabaseType">
            <entry key="MAIN" value-ref="mainDataSource"/>
            <entry key="BACKUP" value-ref="backupDataSource"/>
        </map>
    </property>
    <property name="defaultTargetDataSource" ref="mainDataSource"/>
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager">
<bean id="databaseTarget" class="DatabaseBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<bean id="database" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
    <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"/>
    <property name="target" ref="databaseTarget"/>
    <property name="proxyInterfaces">
        <value>Database</value>
    </property>
    <property name="transactionAttributes">
        <props>
            <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-MyException</prop>
        </props>
    </property>
</bean>

现在，当我尝试更改DAO中的数据源时：

public class DatabaseBean extends JdbcDaoSupport implements Database
    public void myMethod() {
       DatabaseContextHolder.setDatabaseType(DatabaseType.MAIN);
       getJdbcTemplate().execute("INSERT INTO test(test) VALUES('test')");      
       DatabaseContextHolder.setDatabaseType(DatabaseType.BACKUP);
       getJdbcTemplate().execute("INSERT INTO test(test) VALUES('test')");        
}

首次执行getJdbcTemplate（）时，一次调用一次defineCurrentLookupKey（），并且数据源不会切换。