我将此正则表达式用于SIP（会话初始化协议）URI，以提取不同的内部变量。
_syntax = re.compile('^(?P<scheme>[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9\+\-\.]*):' # scheme + '(?:(?:(?P<user>[a-zA-Z0-9\-\_\.\!\~\*\'\(\)&=\+\$,;\?\/\%]+)' # user + '(?::(?P<password>[^:@;\?]+))?)@)?' # password + '(?:(?:(?P<host>[^;\?:]*)(?::(?P<port>[\d]+))?))' # host, port + '(?:;(?P<params>[^\?]*))?' # parameters + '(?:\?(?P<headers>.*))?$') # headers m = URI._syntax.match(value) if m: self.scheme, self.user, self.password, self.host, self.port, params, headers = m.groups()
我需要修改此表达式以支持IPv6并匹配所有不同类型的SIP URI。基本思想是IPv4显示的格式为192.168.0.1和IPv6 2620：0：2ef0：7070：250：60ff：fe03：32b7。因为端口号在：之后，所以IPv6在SIP URI的中间。
其一般形式为：
sip：user：password @ host：port; uri-parameters？headers
这些是一些示例：
uriList = [ 'sip:192.1.2.3', 'sip:123@192.1.2.3', 'sip:192.1.2.3:5060', 'sips:123@[2620:0:2ef0:7070:250:60ff:fe03:32b7]', 'sip:[2620:0:2ef0:7070:250:60ff:fe03:32b7]', 'sip:[2620:0:2ef0:7070:250:60ff:fe03:32b7]:5060', 'sips:support@voip.example.com', 'sip:22444032@voip.example.com:6000', 'sip:thks.ashwin:pass@212.123.1.213', ]
输出量
Scheme: sip, User: , Host: 192.1.2.3, Port: Scheme: sip, User: 123, Host: 192.1.2.3, Port: Scheme: sip, User: , Host: 192.1.2.3, Port: 5060 Scheme: sips, User: 123, Host: 2620:0:2ef0:7070:250:60ff:fe03:32b7, Port: Scheme: sip, User: , Host: 2620:0:2ef0:7070:250:60ff:fe03:32b7, Port: Scheme: sip, User: , Host: 2620:0:2ef0:7070:250:60ff:fe03:32b7, Port: 5060 Scheme: sips, User:support , Host: voip.example.com Scheme: sip, User:22444032 , Host: voip.example.com, Port: 6000 Scheme: sip, User:thks.ashwin, Password:pass ,Host: 212.123.1.213
我试图修改主机表达式以匹配[IPv6]和IPv4表达式，但是没有运气=´（
我一直在使用https://pythex.org/来测试结果。
您的示例中没有标题和参数，因此我不知道它们如何显示。但是您可以使用以下代码来匹配示例字符串：
[EDIT1-根据OP的新示例URI添加了正则表达式以匹配主机名字符串和对user：password的支持]
[EDIT2-添加了参数和标头正则表达式，并在正则表达式的“或”部分添加了更多注释]
import re uriList = [ 'sip:192.1.2.3', 'sip:123@192.1.2.3', 'sip:192.1.2.3:5060', 'sip:123@[2620:0:2ef0:7070:250:60ff:fe03:32b7]', 'sip:[2620:0:2ef0:7070:250:60ff:fe03:32b7]', 'sip:[2620:0:2ef0:7070:250:60ff:fe03:32b7]:5060', 'sips:support@voip.example.com', 'sip:22444032@voip.example.com:6000', 'sip:support:pass@212.123.1.213', 'sip:support:pass@212.123.1.213;urlparams=test', 'sip:support:pass@212.123.1.213?auth=basic', 'sip:support:pass@212.123.1.213;urlparams=test?auth=basic', ] mPattern = re.compile( '(?P<scheme>\w+):' #Scheme +'(?:(?P<user>[\w\.]+):?(?P<password>[\w\.]+)?@)?' #User:Password +'\[?(?P<host>' #Begin group host +'(?:\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3})|' #IPv4 address Host Or +'(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}):){7}[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}|' #IPv6 address Host Or +'(?:(?:[0-9A-Za-z]+\.)+[0-9A-Za-z]+)'#Hostname string +')\]?:?' #End group host +'(?P<port>\d{1,6})?' #port +'(?:\;(?P<params>[^\?]*))?' # parameters +'(?:\?(?P<headers>.*))?' # headers ) groupNamesList = ['scheme', 'user', 'password', 'host', 'port', 'params', 'headers'] #List of group Names for uri in uriList: #iterate through the list of uri mObject = mPattern.search(uri) #pattern search if mObject: #if you find a match groupStrings = [mObject.group(groupName) if mObject.group(groupName) else '' for groupName in groupNamesList] #extract your groupStrings print('Scheme: {0}, User: {1}, Password: {2}, Host: {3}, Port: {4}, Params: {5}, Headers: {6}'.format(*groupStrings)) #print groupStrings
我得到的输出：
Scheme: sip, User: , Password: , Host: 192.1.2.3, Port: , Params: , Headers: Scheme: sip, User: 123, Password: , Host: 192.1.2.3, Port: , Params: , Headers: Scheme: sip, User: , Password: , Host: 192.1.2.3, Port: 5060, Params: , Headers: Scheme: sip, User: 123, Password: , Host: 2620:0:2ef0:7070:250:60ff:fe03:32b7, Port: , Params: , Headers: Scheme: sip, User: , Password: , Host: 2620:0:2ef0:7070:250:60ff:fe03:32b7, Port: , Params: , Headers: Scheme: sip, User: , Password: , Host: 2620:0:2ef0:7070:250:60ff:fe03:32b7, Port: 5060, Params: , Headers: Scheme: sips, User: support, Password: , Host: voip.example.com, Port: , Params: , Headers: Scheme: sip, User: 22444032, Password: , Host: voip.example.com, Port: 6000, Params: , Headers: Scheme: sip, User: support, Password: pass, Host: 212.123.1.213, Port: , Params: , Headers: Scheme: sip, User: support, Password: pass, Host: 212.123.1.213, Port: , Params: urlparams=test, Headers: Scheme: sip, User: support, Password: pass, Host: 212.123.1.213, Port: , Params: , Headers: auth=basic Scheme: sip, User: support, Password: pass, Host: 212.123.1.213, Port: , Params: urlparams=test, Headers: auth=basic
试试看，看看是否适合您
