创建时间范围时序螺旋图

小编典典

创建时间范围时序螺旋图

python

与这个问题类似，我对创建时间序列螺旋感兴趣。该解决方案不一定必须用R或使用ggplot来实现，但是似乎大多数解决方案都已经用R的ggplot来实现，其中少数使用Python，而一个在d3中。到目前为止，我的所有尝试都使用了R。与这个问题不同，我感兴趣的是显示特定范围的数据而不对数据进行量化/合并。也就是说，我想显示一个螺旋形的时间轴，显示特定事件的开始和结束时间，其中每个事件的theta-
min和theta-max代表特定的时间点。

考虑以下旅行数据：

         trip_start            trip_stop    dist
2017-04-01 17:42:00  2017-04-01 18:34:00    1.95
2017-04-01 18:42:00  2017-04-01 19:05:00    6.54
2017-04-02 01:09:00  2017-04-02 01:12:00    1.07
2017-04-02 01:22:00  2017-04-02 01:27:00    1.03
2017-04-02 08:17:00  2017-04-02 08:23:00    1.98
2017-04-02 11:23:00  2017-04-02 11:30:00    1.98
2017-04-02 15:44:00  2017-04-02 15:56:00    4.15
2017-04-02 16:29:00  2017-04-02 16:45:00    4.08
2017-04-03 10:24:00  2017-04-03 10:55:00    19.76
2017-04-03 14:01:00  2017-04-03 14:18:00    8.21
2017-04-03 14:25:00  2017-04-03 14:31:00    1.49
2017-04-03 14:45:00  2017-04-03 14:50:00    1.59
2017-04-03 15:44:00  2017-04-03 16:10:00    4.44
2017-04-03 16:14:00  2017-04-03 16:37:00    9.96
2017-04-03 16:40:00  2017-04-03 16:45:00    0.7
2017-04-03 17:15:00  2017-04-03 17:46:00    16.92
2017-04-03 17:56:00  2017-04-03 18:19:00    5.23
2017-04-03 18:42:00  2017-04-03 18:45:00    0.49
2017-04-03 19:02:00  2017-04-03 19:04:00    0.48
2017-04-04 07:24:00  2017-04-04 07:27:00    0.66
2017-04-04 07:30:00  2017-04-04 08:04:00    13.55
2017-04-04 08:32:00  2017-04-04 09:25:00    25.09
2017-04-04 13:32:00  2017-04-04 13:40:00    3.06
2017-04-04 13:52:00  2017-04-04 13:57:00    1.3
2017-04-04 14:55:00  2017-04-04 15:01:00    2.47
2017-04-04 18:40:00  2017-04-04 19:12:00    22.71
2017-04-04 22:16:00  2017-04-04 23:54:00    38.28
2017-04-04 23:59:00  2017-04-05 00:03:00    1.02
2017-04-05 11:04:00  2017-04-05 11:49:00    25.73
2017-04-05 12:05:00  2017-04-05 12:18:00    2.97
2017-04-05 15:19:00  2017-04-05 16:25:00    25.13
2017-04-05 16:38:00  2017-04-05 16:40:00    0.41
2017-04-05 18:58:00  2017-04-05 19:02:00    1.25
2017-04-05 19:13:00  2017-04-05 19:18:00    1.09
2017-04-05 19:25:00  2017-04-05 19:48:00    6.63
2017-04-06 10:01:00  2017-04-06 10:44:00    20.81
2017-04-06 13:22:00  2017-04-06 13:33:00    1.63
2017-04-06 20:58:00  2017-04-06 21:25:00    24.85
2017-04-06 21:32:00  2017-04-06 21:56:00    6.06
2017-04-07 10:55:00  2017-04-07 11:37:00    24.53
2017-04-07 17:14:00  2017-04-07 17:48:00    19.66
2017-04-07 17:57:00  2017-04-07 18:07:00    2.12
2017-04-08 20:57:00  2017-04-08 21:06:00    1.06
2017-04-08 21:23:00  2017-04-08 21:36:00    2.97
2017-04-09 08:14:00  2017-04-09 08:19:00    1.99
2017-04-09 11:40:00  2017-04-09 11:50:00    2.24
2017-04-09 11:50:00  2017-04-09 11:57:00    1.64
2017-04-09 16:29:00  2017-04-09 16:34:00    0.53
2017-04-09 16:43:00  2017-04-09 16:45:00    0.5
2017-04-09 17:46:00  2017-04-09 17:48:00    0.44
2017-04-09 17:53:00  2017-04-09 17:56:00    0.4
2017-04-09 21:33:00  2017-04-09 21:56:00    2.48
2017-04-09 21:57:00  2017-04-09 22:14:00    2.92
2017-04-09 22:22:00  2017-04-09 22:25:00    0.9
2017-04-10 10:37:00  2017-04-10 11:22:00    19.27
2017-04-10 16:12:00  2017-04-10 16:59:00    21.31
2017-04-11 11:14:00  2017-04-11 11:18:00    1.24
2017-04-11 11:21:00  2017-04-11 11:48:00    22.95
2017-04-11 18:24:00  2017-04-11 19:05:00    28.64
2017-04-11 19:21:00  2017-04-11 19:34:00    5.37
2017-04-12 11:00:00  2017-04-12 12:08:00    28.91
2017-04-12 14:03:00  2017-04-12 15:20:00    28.56
2017-04-12 20:24:00  2017-04-12 20:29:00    1.17
2017-04-12 20:32:00  2017-04-12 21:09:00    30.89
2017-04-13 01:37:00  2017-04-13 02:09:00    32.3
2017-04-13 08:08:00  2017-04-13 08:39:00    19.39
2017-04-13 10:53:00  2017-04-13 11:23:00    24.59
2017-04-13 18:56:00  2017-04-13 19:22:00    22.74
2017-04-14 01:06:00  2017-04-14 01:37:00    31.36
2017-04-14 01:48:00  2017-04-14 01:51:00    1.03
2017-04-14 12:08:00  2017-04-14 12:22:00    1.94
2017-04-14 12:29:00  2017-04-14 13:01:00    19.07
2017-04-14 16:17:00  2017-04-14 17:03:00    19.74
2017-04-14 17:05:00  2017-04-14 17:32:00    3.99
2017-04-14 21:57:00  2017-04-14 22:02:00    1.98
2017-04-15 01:46:00  2017-04-15 01:49:00    1.07
2017-04-15 01:56:00  2017-04-15 01:58:00    1.03
2017-04-15 07:13:00  2017-04-15 07:15:00    0.45
2017-04-15 07:19:00  2017-04-15 07:21:00    0.41
2017-04-15 15:54:00  2017-04-15 16:05:00    1.94
2017-04-15 22:23:00  2017-04-15 22:26:00    0.86
2017-04-15 22:46:00  2017-04-15 22:47:00    0.25
2017-04-15 22:51:00  2017-04-15 22:53:00    0.71
2017-04-16 11:35:00  2017-04-16 11:54:00    11.4
2017-04-16 11:58:00  2017-04-16 12:15:00    10.43
2017-04-17 10:44:00  2017-04-17 10:53:00    3.04
2017-04-17 10:55:00  2017-04-17 11:22:00    18.26
2017-04-17 18:09:00  2017-04-17 18:12:00    0.85
2017-04-17 18:21:00  2017-04-17 19:07:00    37.22
2017-04-18 02:07:00  2017-04-18 02:47:00    32.41
2017-04-18 10:55:00  2017-04-18 10:57:00    0.41
2017-04-18 11:02:00  2017-04-18 11:12:00    2.3
2017-04-18 11:15:00  2017-04-18 11:52:00    24.05
2017-04-18 16:59:00  2017-04-18 17:55:00    22.66
2017-04-19 00:46:00  2017-04-19 01:35:00    39.25
2017-04-19 10:57:00  2017-04-19 11:44:00    24.06
2017-04-19 13:23:00  2017-04-19 14:10:00    25.96
2017-04-19 16:21:00  2017-04-19 17:07:00    18.05
2017-04-19 23:32:00  2017-04-20 00:19:00    39.67
2017-04-20 10:47:00  2017-04-20 11:13:00    24.07
2017-04-20 16:21:00  2017-04-20 16:30:00    0.86
2017-04-20 16:36:00  2017-04-20 16:58:00    0.85
2017-04-20 17:41:00  2017-04-20 17:44:00    0.37
2017-04-20 17:49:00  2017-04-20 18:40:00    19.32
2017-04-20 22:22:00  2017-04-20 22:53:00    29.2
2017-04-20 23:07:00  2017-04-20 23:27:00    10.94
2017-04-21 08:29:00  2017-04-21 08:40:00    1.91
2017-04-21 11:30:00  2017-04-21 11:32:00    0.42
2017-04-21 11:38:00  2017-04-21 11:40:00    0.4
2017-04-21 11:42:00  2017-04-21 12:15:00    19.09
2017-04-21 16:50:00  2017-04-21 18:17:00    40.61
2017-04-21 18:55:00  2017-04-21 19:11:00    1.73
2017-04-21 22:20:00  2017-04-21 22:53:00    28.26
2017-04-21 23:01:00  2017-04-21 23:22:00    11.76
2017-04-22 08:56:00  2017-04-22 08:58:00    0.63
2017-04-22 09:04:00  2017-04-22 09:08:00    0.3
2017-04-22 09:12:00  2017-04-22 09:15:00    0.42
2017-04-22 16:48:00  2017-04-22 16:52:00    0.54
2017-04-22 17:06:00  2017-04-22 17:09:00    0.51
2017-04-22 17:10:00  2017-04-22 17:13:00    1.03
2017-04-22 17:22:00  2017-04-22 17:27:00    1.1
2017-04-23 08:13:00  2017-04-23 08:15:00    0.41
2017-04-23 08:19:00  2017-04-23 08:20:00    0.4
2017-04-23 08:21:00  2017-04-23 08:25:00    1.99
2017-04-23 11:41:00  2017-04-23 11:48:00    2.04
2017-04-23 12:35:00  2017-04-23 12:50:00    7.59
2017-04-23 14:08:00  2017-04-23 14:21:00    7.31
2017-04-23 14:33:00  2017-04-23 15:38:00    37.6
2017-04-24 00:26:00  2017-04-24 01:18:00    39.21
2017-04-24 10:24:00  2017-04-24 10:26:00    0.41
2017-04-24 10:31:00  2017-04-24 10:35:00    1.37
2017-04-24 10:38:00  2017-04-24 10:43:00    1.19
2017-04-24 10:49:00  2017-04-24 11:15:00    19.58
2017-04-24 17:13:00  2017-04-24 18:20:00    37.42
2017-04-24 19:02:00  2017-04-24 19:08:00    1.76
2017-04-24 19:49:00  2017-04-24 19:55:00    1.79
2017-04-24 20:41:00  2017-04-24 21:16:00    32.31
2017-04-25 10:53:00  2017-04-25 11:25:00    24.83
2017-04-25 15:15:00  2017-04-25 15:24:00    3.07
2017-04-25 15:30:00  2017-04-25 15:40:00    3.01
2017-04-25 17:34:00  2017-04-25 18:18:00    24.8
2017-04-26 09:59:00  2017-04-26 10:28:00    24.05
2017-04-26 12:56:00  2017-04-26 13:40:00    29.13
2017-04-26 14:37:00  2017-04-26 15:34:00    21
2017-04-27 08:57:00  2017-04-27 10:21:00    40.56
2017-04-27 16:12:00  2017-04-27 16:44:00    9.89
2017-04-27 17:09:00  2017-04-27 18:01:00    17.51
2017-04-28 05:18:00  2017-04-28 06:06:00    39.28
2017-04-28 12:57:00  2017-04-28 13:52:00    35.82
2017-04-28 16:48:00  2017-04-28 18:14:00    39.1
2017-05-01 11:41:00  2017-05-01 12:20:00    18.74
2017-05-01 18:53:00  2017-05-01 19:34:00    37.15
2017-05-01 23:08:00  2017-05-01 23:09:00    0.06
2017-05-01 23:18:00  2017-05-02 00:11:00    38.61
2017-05-02 11:05:00  2017-05-02 11:42:00    24.07
2017-05-02 17:34:00  2017-05-02 18:53:00    26.42
2017-05-03 12:13:00  2017-05-03 12:25:00    3.96
2017-05-03 12:25:00  2017-05-03 12:56:00    21.15
2017-05-03 13:26:00  2017-05-03 13:44:00    3.32
2017-05-03 13:57:00  2017-05-03 14:08:00    3.49
2017-05-03 18:39:00  2017-05-03 19:08:00    24.85
2017-05-03 19:09:00  2017-05-03 19:13:00    0.99
2017-05-03 19:29:00  2017-05-03 19:32:00    0.84
2017-05-04 10:38:00  2017-05-04 11:06:00    24.05
2017-05-04 13:34:00  2017-05-04 14:10:00    1.73
2017-05-04 17:14:00  2017-05-04 18:23:00    24.68
2017-05-05 20:38:00  2017-05-05 20:52:00    2.24
2017-05-06 11:45:00  2017-05-06 12:30:00    20.19
2017-05-06 14:36:00  2017-05-06 15:35:00    14.49
2017-05-06 15:48:00  2017-05-06 16:17:00    5.25
2017-05-06 17:11:00  2017-05-06 17:13:00    0.43
2017-05-06 17:19:00  2017-05-06 17:21:00    0.43
2017-05-07 08:16:00  2017-05-07 08:22:00    3.27
2017-05-07 12:09:00  2017-05-07 12:16:00    2.01
2017-05-07 17:28:00  2017-05-07 17:50:00    10.36
2017-05-07 17:54:00  2017-05-07 18:01:00    1.19
2017-05-07 18:02:00  2017-05-07 18:35:00    28.31
2017-05-07 21:48:00  2017-05-07 21:52:00    1.46
2017-05-07 22:01:00  2017-05-07 22:05:00    1.37
2017-05-08 00:59:00  2017-05-08 02:19:00    39.23
2017-05-08 11:30:00  2017-05-08 11:58:00    22.55
2017-05-08 18:08:00  2017-05-08 18:30:00    10.47
2017-05-08 18:33:00  2017-05-08 19:09:00    28.44
2017-05-08 22:25:00  2017-05-08 23:09:00    38.65
2017-05-08 23:14:00  2017-05-08 23:17:00    1.04
2017-05-09 11:35:00  2017-05-09 12:19:00    23.99
2017-05-09 17:57:00  2017-05-09 18:59:00    29.38
2017-05-09 20:03:00  2017-05-09 20:13:00    1.9
2017-05-10 10:18:00  2017-05-10 10:54:00    24.06
2017-05-10 15:43:00  2017-05-10 16:46:00    24.71
2017-05-11 12:28:00  2017-05-11 13:07:00    21.75
2017-05-11 18:00:00  2017-05-11 18:31:00    19.3
2017-05-12 08:26:00  2017-05-12 08:55:00    20.46
2017-05-12 13:00:00  2017-05-12 13:34:00    14.6
2017-05-13 08:44:00  2017-05-13 08:46:00    0.38
2017-05-13 08:57:00  2017-05-13 09:01:00    0.33
2017-05-13 14:22:00  2017-05-13 14:41:00    6.86
2017-05-13 15:17:00  2017-05-13 15:35:00    5.2
2017-05-13 18:10:00  2017-05-13 18:21:00    1.91
2017-05-14 11:22:00  2017-05-14 11:26:00    0.9
2017-05-14 11:36:00  2017-05-14 11:38:00    0.39
2017-05-14 14:56:00  2017-05-14 15:59:00    40.07
2017-05-14 16:34:00  2017-05-14 16:41:00    1.49
2017-05-14 16:56:00  2017-05-14 17:04:00    1.45
2017-05-14 19:05:00  2017-05-14 20:06:00    39.21
2017-05-15 11:24:00  2017-05-15 11:33:00    1.91
2017-05-15 11:41:00  2017-05-15 12:13:00    19.84
2017-05-15 17:41:00  2017-05-15 18:11:00    16
2017-05-15 18:15:00  2017-05-15 19:23:00    31.52
2017-05-15 23:41:00  2017-05-16 00:26:00    39.32
2017-05-16 09:49:00  2017-05-16 11:02:00    24.91
2017-05-16 16:08:00  2017-05-16 16:32:00    3.37
2017-05-16 17:11:00  2017-05-16 17:32:00    4.8
2017-05-16 17:42:00  2017-05-16 17:56:00    1.81
2017-05-16 18:13:00  2017-05-16 18:46:00    24.85
2017-05-16 21:07:00  2017-05-16 21:10:00    1.04
2017-05-16 21:26:00  2017-05-16 21:29:00    1.02
2017-07-28 16:10:00  2017-07-28 16:17:00    2.22
2017-07-28 16:17:00  2017-07-28 16:42:00    7.84
2017-08-10 12:00:00  2017-08-10 12:44:00    24.05
2017-08-10 14:56:00  2017-08-10 15:10:00    1.61
2017-08-10 18:51:00  2017-08-10 19:21:00    24.85
2017-08-10 19:46:00  2017-08-10 19:56:00    1.14
2017-08-10 20:08:00  2017-08-10 20:12:00    1.09
2017-08-11 12:44:00  2017-08-11 12:49:00    0.82
2017-08-11 12:59:00  2017-08-11 13:01:00    0.56
2017-08-11 13:18:00  2017-08-11 15:12:00    1.79
2017-08-11 15:14:00  2017-08-11 16:53:00    34.6
2017-08-11 19:27:00  2017-08-11 20:34:00    34.91
2017-08-12 13:52:00  2017-08-12 13:56:00    1.05
2017-08-12 13:59:00  2017-08-12 14:02:00    0.28
2017-08-12 14:10:00  2017-08-12 14:30:00    1.22
2017-08-12 17:15:00  2017-08-12 17:36:00    11.37
2017-08-12 20:49:00  2017-08-12 21:05:00    10.43
2017-08-13 12:16:00  2017-08-13 12:44:00    12.96
2017-08-13 16:03:00  2017-08-13 16:32:00    14.33
2017-08-13 18:19:00  2017-08-13 18:42:00    9.32
2017-08-13 18:52:00  2017-08-13 19:05:00    3.99
2017-08-13 21:42:00  2017-08-13 21:53:00    5.6
2017-08-14 08:50:00  2017-08-14 09:45:00    24.1
2017-08-14 13:22:00  2017-08-14 13:54:00    24.84
2017-08-14 14:02:00  2017-08-14 15:34:00    36.92
2017-08-14 15:58:00  2017-08-14 17:17:00    35.7
2017-08-14 17:35:00  2017-08-14 17:45:00    1.99
2017-08-14 18:07:00  2017-08-14 18:27:00    9.92
2017-08-15 10:15:00  2017-08-15 10:51:00    25
2017-08-15 19:23:00  2017-08-15 19:29:00    0.4
2017-08-15 19:51:00  2017-08-15 20:45:00    24.39
2017-08-15 20:56:00  2017-08-15 21:04:00    2.78
2017-08-15 21:09:00  2017-08-15 21:37:00    19.22
2017-08-16 00:03:00  2017-08-16 00:27:00    15.51
2017-08-16 00:36:00  2017-08-16 00:41:00    1.23
2017-08-16 00:46:00  2017-08-16 01:18:00    11.35
2017-08-16 09:38:00  2017-08-16 09:41:00    1.21
2017-08-16 09:41:00  2017-08-16 09:43:00    0.08
2017-08-16 09:47:00  2017-08-16 10:32:00    22.89
2017-08-16 16:51:00  2017-08-16 17:11:00    3.14
2017-08-16 17:12:00  2017-08-16 17:25:00    2.76
2017-08-16 17:41:00  2017-08-16 18:36:00    24.78
2017-08-17 09:34:00  2017-08-17 10:13:00    24.03
2017-08-17 12:32:00  2017-08-17 13:07:00    24.82
2017-08-17 13:35:00  2017-08-17 13:40:00    0.4
2017-08-17 13:47:00  2017-08-17 15:07:00    36.06
2017-08-17 15:18:00  2017-08-17 15:24:00    0.06
2017-08-17 16:03:00  2017-08-17 18:05:00    35.16
2017-08-18 09:47:00  2017-08-18 10:23:00    24.47
2017-08-18 16:04:00  2017-08-18 16:42:00    1.63
2017-08-18 17:56:00  2017-08-18 18:25:00    10.74
2017-08-18 18:27:00  2017-08-18 18:48:00    1.85
2017-08-19 00:07:00  2017-08-19 00:41:00    18.92
2017-08-19 00:52:00  2017-08-19 00:55:00    0.99
2017-08-19 11:52:00  2017-08-19 12:14:00    7.56
2017-08-19 15:57:00  2017-08-19 16:12:00    4.02
2017-08-19 16:37:00  2017-08-19 16:56:00    5.32
2017-08-19 23:32:00  2017-08-19 23:50:00    7.54
2017-08-19 23:51:00  2017-08-20 00:17:00    9.59
2017-08-20 09:03:00  2017-08-20 09:16:00    5.22
2017-08-20 19:17:00  2017-08-20 19:32:00    4.69
2017-08-21 09:24:00  2017-08-21 09:40:00    2.31
2017-08-21 10:59:00  2017-08-21 11:02:00    0.47
2017-08-21 13:40:00  2017-08-21 15:29:00    36.09
2017-08-21 15:54:00  2017-08-21 16:48:00    2.24
2017-08-21 16:57:00  2017-08-21 18:15:00    32.3
2017-08-22 08:38:00  2017-08-22 09:06:00    0.65
2017-08-22 09:18:00  2017-08-22 09:19:00    0.04
2017-08-22 09:22:00  2017-08-22 10:05:00    23.49
2017-08-22 14:30:00  2017-08-22 15:02:00    1.7
2017-08-22 16:37:00  2017-08-22 17:41:00    24.8
2017-08-23 17:16:00  2017-08-23 18:14:00    24.01
2017-08-23 18:27:00  2017-08-23 18:32:00    1.05
2017-08-23 19:24:00  2017-08-23 20:04:00    18.14
2017-08-23 22:01:00  2017-08-23 22:28:00    16.33
2017-08-23 22:46:00  2017-08-23 22:50:00    1.04
2017-08-24 09:41:00  2017-08-24 09:44:00    0.02
2017-08-24 09:59:00  2017-08-24 10:00:00    0.02
2017-08-24 13:57:00  2017-08-24 15:33:00    42.51
2017-08-24 16:43:00  2017-08-24 17:00:00    0.07
2017-08-24 17:06:00  2017-08-24 17:33:00    10.01
2017-08-24 18:12:00  2017-08-24 19:03:00    27.67
2017-08-25 09:36:00  2017-08-25 09:55:00    2.63
2017-08-25 10:01:00  2017-08-25 10:32:00    20.92
2017-08-25 20:40:00  2017-08-25 21:45:00    17.41
2017-08-25 21:49:00  2017-08-25 22:14:00    16.02
2017-08-26 00:10:00  2017-08-26 02:14:00    29.77
2017-08-26 16:31:00  2017-08-26 16:55:00    7.15
2017-08-26 17:54:00  2017-08-26 18:19:00    10
2017-08-26 20:07:00  2017-08-26 20:08:00    0.19
2017-08-26 20:08:00  2017-08-26 20:11:00    1.35
2017-08-27 12:39:00  2017-08-27 12:54:00    1
2017-08-27 12:55:00  2017-08-27 13:48:00    9.29
2017-08-27 14:00:00  2017-08-27 14:34:00    3.86
2017-08-27 15:56:00  2017-08-27 16:37:00    10.45
2017-08-27 16:44:00  2017-08-27 16:51:00    1.8
2017-08-27 16:55:00  2017-08-27 17:00:00    0.68
2017-08-27 17:04:00  2017-08-27 17:19:00    4.96
2017-08-27 17:28:00  2017-08-27 17:39:00    2.33
2017-08-27 17:47:00  2017-08-27 18:58:00    24.19
2017-08-27 22:17:00  2017-08-27 22:41:00    16.24
2017-08-28 00:33:00  2017-08-28 01:22:00    13.62
2017-08-28 12:48:00  2017-08-28 12:51:00    0.47
2017-08-28 14:01:00  2017-08-28 14:03:00    0.4
2017-08-28 14:12:00  2017-08-28 15:31:00    34.86
2017-08-28 15:56:00  2017-08-28 17:04:00    34.47
2017-08-28 22:15:00  2017-08-28 22:38:00    18.57
2017-08-29 01:42:00  2017-08-29 02:05:00    18.88
2017-08-29 11:40:00  2017-08-29 11:44:00    1.04
2017-08-29 11:48:00  2017-08-29 12:09:00    0.03
2017-08-29 12:18:00  2017-08-29 12:21:00    0.03
2017-08-29 12:26:00  2017-08-29 12:32:00    1.05
2017-08-29 12:35:00  2017-08-29 13:15:00    24.05
2017-08-29 19:40:00  2017-08-29 19:42:00    0.35
2017-08-29 19:50:00  2017-08-29 20:19:00    27.72
2017-08-29 20:25:00  2017-08-29 20:41:00    10.42
2017-08-30 10:00:00  2017-08-30 10:47:00    24.25
2017-08-30 14:31:00  2017-08-30 14:56:00    1.68
2017-08-30 17:19:00  2017-08-30 17:43:00    0.04
2017-08-30 17:43:00  2017-08-30 17:50:00    0.29
2017-08-30 17:56:00  2017-08-30 18:40:00    16.85
2017-08-30 22:57:00  2017-08-30 23:35:00    17.31
2017-08-31 11:30:00  2017-08-31 11:41:00    0.43
2017-08-31 14:04:00  2017-08-31 14:06:00    0.41
2017-08-31 14:24:00  2017-08-31 14:26:00    0.68
2017-08-31 14:31:00  2017-08-31 15:42:00    34.88
2017-08-31 16:01:00  2017-08-31 17:07:00    30.45
2017-08-31 20:54:00  2017-08-31 21:21:00    19.6
2017-09-01 10:30:00  2017-09-01 10:59:00    17.63
2017-09-01 14:07:00  2017-09-01 15:07:00    27.45
2017-09-01 17:17:00  2017-09-01 17:36:00    1.93
2017-09-01 18:16:00  2017-09-01 19:19:00    20.58
2017-09-01 19:25:00  2017-09-01 19:38:00    4.8
2017-09-01 21:30:00  2017-09-01 21:54:00    1.94
2017-09-02 15:46:00  2017-09-02 16:06:00    0.99
2017-09-02 16:13:00  2017-09-02 16:16:00    1.01
2017-09-02 16:56:00  2017-09-02 16:59:00    0.42
2017-09-02 17:04:00  2017-09-02 17:06:00    0.4
2017-09-02 22:52:00  2017-09-02 22:54:00    0.07
2017-09-02 22:55:00  2017-09-02 23:15:00    18.62
2017-09-03 01:46:00  2017-09-03 02:10:00    18.9
2017-09-03 14:49:00  2017-09-03 15:04:00    3.14
2017-09-03 15:50:00  2017-09-03 16:07:00    10.17
2017-09-03 16:21:00  2017-09-03 16:38:00    7.79
2017-09-03 16:47:00  2017-09-03 16:52:00    1.11
2017-09-03 18:32:00  2017-09-03 18:37:00    1.2
2017-09-03 18:37:00  2017-09-03 18:44:00    0.91
2017-09-04 15:50:00  2017-09-04 15:54:00    0.42
2017-09-04 15:59:00  2017-09-04 16:11:00    2.3
2017-09-04 16:21:00  2017-09-04 16:43:00    8.31
2017-09-04 17:05:00  2017-09-04 17:15:00    2.54
2017-09-04 17:26:00  2017-09-04 17:41:00    4.52
2017-09-04 17:49:00  2017-09-04 18:25:00    29.55
2017-09-04 19:36:00  2017-09-04 19:51:00    0.93
2017-09-04 19:54:00  2017-09-04 19:59:00    0.5
2017-09-04 21:21:00  2017-09-04 21:55:00    29.37
2017-09-05 11:08:00  2017-09-05 11:51:00    35.5
2017-09-05 12:36:00  2017-09-05 13:07:00    2.29
2017-09-05 13:19:00  2017-09-05 13:22:00    0.51
2017-09-05 13:26:00  2017-09-05 14:03:00    33.09
2017-09-05 14:13:00  2017-09-05 15:01:00    24.03
2017-09-05 17:33:00  2017-09-05 18:11:00    14.55
2017-09-05 19:01:00  2017-09-05 19:19:00    11.31
2017-09-06 09:21:00  2017-09-06 09:39:00    7.73
2017-09-06 10:14:00  2017-09-06 10:30:00    7.75
2017-09-06 10:37:00  2017-09-06 11:13:00    24.13
2017-09-06 16:48:00  2017-09-06 17:35:00    25.3
2017-09-06 17:49:00  2017-09-06 17:55:00    0.18
2017-09-06 17:58:00  2017-09-06 18:00:00    0.39
2017-09-06 18:38:00  2017-09-06 19:04:00    15.93
2017-09-06 23:45:00  2017-09-07 00:14:00    19.45
2017-09-07 00:26:00  2017-09-07 00:30:00    1.01
2017-09-07 10:42:00  2017-09-07 11:35:00    31.74
2017-09-07 14:04:00  2017-09-07 14:39:00    27.38
2017-09-07 14:43:00  2017-09-07 14:52:00    3.06
2017-09-07 14:54:00  2017-09-07 16:00:00    32.96
2017-09-07 16:32:00  2017-09-07 16:33:00    0.07
2017-09-07 16:38:00  2017-09-07 17:04:00    2.31
2017-09-07 17:23:00  2017-09-07 18:14:00    33.03
2017-09-08 10:02:00  2017-09-08 10:30:00    19.73
2017-09-08 18:09:00  2017-09-08 18:37:00    18.97
2017-09-08 19:04:00  2017-09-08 19:18:00    1.87
2017-09-09 02:25:00  2017-09-09 02:28:00    1.1
2017-09-09 02:33:00  2017-09-09 02:35:00    1.05
2017-09-10 17:09:00  2017-09-10 17:44:00    14.25
2017-09-10 22:50:00  2017-09-10 22:53:00    0.25
2017-09-10 22:56:00  2017-09-10 22:57:00    0.02
2017-09-10 23:00:00  2017-09-10 23:23:00    16.18
2017-09-11 00:01:00  2017-09-11 00:19:00    1.83
2017-09-11 09:59:00  2017-09-11 10:06:00    1.91
2017-09-11 10:12:00  2017-09-11 10:51:00    27.49
2017-09-11 13:39:00  2017-09-11 14:13:00    27.23
2017-09-11 14:31:00  2017-09-11 15:31:00    35.45
2017-09-11 16:03:00  2017-09-11 17:09:00    36.01
2017-09-11 17:39:00  2017-09-11 18:01:00    9.88
2017-09-11 23:01:00  2017-09-11 23:05:00    1.14
2017-09-11 23:16:00  2017-09-11 23:30:00    5.93
2017-09-11 23:30:00  2017-09-11 23:54:00    4.94
2017-09-12 02:56:00  2017-09-12 04:00:00    25.87
2017-09-12 10:06:00  2017-09-12 10:46:00    24.84
2017-09-12 16:33:00  2017-09-12 17:20:00    22.43
2017-09-12 19:38:00  2017-09-12 20:14:00    21.79
2017-09-13 06:24:00  2017-09-13 06:59:00    25.84
2017-09-13 07:02:00  2017-09-13 07:14:00    5.77
2017-09-13 11:14:00  2017-09-13 11:36:00    16.26
2017-09-13 16:01:00  2017-09-13 16:57:00    24.79
2017-09-13 17:07:00  2017-09-13 17:48:00    15.94
2017-09-13 23:13:00  2017-09-13 23:35:00    16.73
2017-09-14 12:00:00  2017-09-14 12:27:00    19.71
2017-09-14 12:28:00  2017-09-14 12:30:00    0.18
2017-09-14 14:36:00  2017-09-14 15:06:00    14.98
2017-09-14 15:11:00  2017-09-14 15:17:00    2.99
2017-09-14 15:26:00  2017-09-14 16:44:00    37.48
2017-09-14 17:03:00  2017-09-14 18:17:00    34.18
2017-09-14 18:32:00  2017-09-14 18:41:00    3.03
2017-09-15 10:25:00  2017-09-15 10:26:00    0.05
2017-09-15 10:45:00  2017-09-15 10:48:00    0.29
2017-09-15 10:59:00  2017-09-15 11:05:00    0.3
2017-09-15 11:09:00  2017-09-15 11:36:00    10.82
2017-09-15 13:00:00  2017-09-15 13:17:00    8.37
2017-09-15 13:36:00  2017-09-15 14:30:00    25.19
2017-09-15 14:37:00  2017-09-15 15:01:00    0.45
2017-09-15 15:04:00  2017-09-15 16:59:00    85.51
2017-09-15 17:06:00  2017-09-15 18:57:00    129.72
2017-09-15 19:03:00  2017-09-15 20:02:00    60.96
2017-09-16 10:18:00  2017-09-16 10:39:00    16.04
2017-09-16 11:52:00  2017-09-16 12:12:00    16.68
2017-09-16 12:28:00  2017-09-16 13:29:00    49
2017-09-16 18:36:00  2017-09-16 19:30:00    45.7
2017-09-16 19:39:00  2017-09-16 19:47:00    2.1
2017-09-17 13:32:00  2017-09-17 13:41:00    2.24
2017-09-17 14:19:00  2017-09-17 14:48:00    14.68
2017-09-17 18:25:00  2017-09-17 18:26:00    0.05
2017-09-17 18:36:00  2017-09-17 19:03:00    12.26
2017-09-18 07:52:00  2017-09-18 08:03:00    2.04
2017-09-18 08:21:00  2017-09-18 08:56:00    37.94
2017-09-18 09:01:00  2017-09-18 09:53:00    65.7
2017-09-18 10:04:00  2017-09-18 10:34:00    39.43
2017-09-18 10:46:00  2017-09-18 11:07:00    14.25
2017-09-18 11:19:00  2017-09-18 13:29:00    138.98
2017-09-18 14:24:00  2017-09-18 14:26:00    0.04
2017-09-18 14:28:00  2017-09-18 15:23:00    35.52
2017-09-18 15:53:00  2017-09-18 17:49:00    36.64
2017-09-19 09:24:00  2017-09-19 10:22:00    24.37
2017-09-19 15:55:00  2017-09-19 16:53:00    15.87
2017-09-19 16:53:00  2017-09-19 17:20:00    0.85
2017-09-19 17:33:00  2017-09-19 18:06:00    10.95
2017-09-19 18:10:00  2017-09-19 18:34:00    8.41
2017-09-19 21:06:00  2017-09-19 21:10:00    1.24
2017-09-19 21:17:00  2017-09-19 21:21:00    1.05
2017-09-20 11:12:00  2017-09-20 11:16:00    1.22
2017-09-20 11:18:00  2017-09-20 11:59:00    24.15
2017-09-20 17:20:00  2017-09-20 18:07:00    24.15
2017-09-20 18:50:00  2017-09-20 19:17:00    16.02
2017-09-20 22:05:00  2017-09-20 22:32:00    17.5
2017-09-21 13:38:00  2017-09-21 13:44:00    0.72
2017-09-21 13:50:00  2017-09-21 15:26:00    35.81
2017-09-21 15:59:00  2017-09-21 16:15:00    8.26
2017-09-21 16:19:00  2017-09-21 17:32:00    28.1
2017-09-21 18:49:00  2017-09-21 19:25:00    16.05
2017-09-21 22:30:00  2017-09-21 22:59:00    16.97
2017-09-22 10:19:00  2017-09-22 10:21:00    0.43
2017-09-22 10:25:00  2017-09-22 10:26:00    0.4
2017-09-22 10:30:00  2017-09-22 10:54:00    19.15
2017-09-22 11:58:00  2017-09-22 12:02:00    1.05
2017-09-22 18:32:00  2017-09-22 18:59:00    20.95
2017-09-23 08:34:00  2017-09-23 08:51:00    1.15
2017-09-23 09:19:00  2017-09-23 10:31:00    37.57
2017-09-23 11:09:00  2017-09-23 11:23:00    5.67
2017-09-23 11:51:00  2017-09-23 12:15:00    4.64
2017-09-23 12:47:00  2017-09-23 13:40:00    8.45
2017-09-23 13:56:00  2017-09-23 15:08:00    34.62
2017-09-23 15:37:00  2017-09-23 16:07:00    1.56
2017-09-24 14:59:00  2017-09-24 15:02:00    0.43
2017-09-24 15:14:00  2017-09-24 17:09:00    6.6
2017-09-24 17:37:00  2017-09-24 18:01:00    7.05
2017-09-24 18:05:00  2017-09-24 18:07:00    0.41
2017-09-24 19:35:00  2017-09-24 20:31:00    25.28
2017-09-25 00:24:00  2017-09-25 00:26:00    0.42
2017-09-25 00:30:00  2017-09-25 01:10:00    23.13
2017-09-25 12:12:00  2017-09-25 12:38:00    19.45
2017-09-25 14:22:00  2017-09-25 14:50:00    19.86
2017-09-25 14:52:00  2017-09-25 15:54:00    35.53
2017-09-25 16:37:00  2017-09-25 18:17:00    34.54
2017-09-25 20:36:00  2017-09-25 21:08:00    28.91
2017-09-26 01:46:00  2017-09-26 02:21:00    26.32
2017-09-26 09:36:00  2017-09-26 10:18:00    24.02
2017-09-26 14:05:00  2017-09-26 14:39:00    25.3
2017-09-26 15:49:00  2017-09-26 15:58:00    1.53
2017-09-26 16:15:00  2017-09-26 16:22:00    1.1
2017-09-27 09:15:00  2017-09-27 10:16:00    24.76
2017-09-27 16:26:00  2017-09-27 17:49:00    35.87
2017-09-27 17:58:00  2017-09-27 18:46:00    27.64
2017-09-27 18:51:00  2017-09-27 18:59:00    2.08
2017-09-27 19:10:00  2017-09-27 20:17:00    21.17
2017-09-27 20:25:00  2017-09-27 21:56:00    3.6
2017-09-27 22:04:00  2017-09-27 22:32:00    16.56
2017-09-28 06:46:00  2017-09-28 07:19:00    14.4
2017-09-28 09:05:00  2017-09-28 09:29:00    8.06
2017-09-28 10:41:00  2017-09-28 11:21:00    22.34
2017-09-28 14:26:00  2017-09-28 16:05:00    35.57
2017-09-28 16:09:00  2017-09-28 16:21:00    1.17
2017-09-28 20:37:00  2017-09-28 20:40:00    1.1
2017-09-28 20:56:00  2017-09-28 21:00:00    1.15
2017-09-29 09:32:00  2017-09-29 10:02:00    19.73

我想像下面的图一样绘制这些离散事件，但是2pi是一周而不是24小时，以便阐明这些事件的周期性，其中颜色表示距离。

我已经尝试修改此问题开头的解决方案，但是它并没有帮助我。我的新方法是修改此解决方案，但是除了水平和垂直线围绕螺旋形散布之外，我很难获得其他任何东西。使它们弯曲并显示在正确的位置非常困难。

我乐于接受任何方法来成功地在螺旋图中显示数据，而无需将其量化/组合为特定间隔，而是允许间隔本身描述沿连续螺旋时间轴的离散事件。同样，我对将其转换为原始的单点时间序列格式不感兴趣，在该格式中，我将有大量数据表示旅行之间的时间。我想以一种时间格式（一种描述时间窗口而不是特定时间的事件）来实现这一目标。

阅读 215

2021-01-20

共1个答案

小编典典

仍然需要工作，但这是从python和matplotlib开始的。

这个想法是在极坐标中绘制一个螺旋时间轴，周期为1周，每个事件都是该螺旋的弧线，其颜色取决于dist数据。

尽管有很多重叠的时间间隔，但这种可视化效果往往会隐藏起来……如果精心选择颜色表，半透明的弧可能会更好。

import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.patheffects as mpe
import pandas as pd

# styling
LINEWIDTH=4
EDGEWIDTH=1
CAPSTYLE="projecting"
COLORMAP="viridis_r"
ALPHA=1
FIRSTDAY=6 # 0=Mon, 6=Sun

# load dataset and parse timestamps
df = pd.read_csv('trips.csv')
df[['trip_start', 'trip_stop']] = df[['trip_start', 'trip_stop']].apply(pd.to_datetime)

# set origin at the first FIRSTDAY before the first trip, midnight
first_trip = df['trip_start'].min()
origin = (first_trip - pd.to_timedelta(first_trip.weekday() - FIRSTDAY, unit='d')).replace(hour=0, minute=0, second=0)
weekdays = pd.date_range(origin, origin + np.timedelta64(1, 'W')).strftime("%a").tolist()

# # convert trip timestamps to week fractions
df['start'] = (df['trip_start'] - origin) / np.timedelta64(1, 'W')
df['stop']  = (df['trip_stop']  - origin) / np.timedelta64(1, 'W')

# sort dataset so shortest trips are plotted last
# should prevent longer events to cover shorter ones, still suboptimal
df = df.sort_values('dist', ascending=False).reset_index()

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6))
ax = fig.gca(projection="polar")

for idx, event in df.iterrows():
    # sample normalized distance from colormap
    ndist = event['dist'] / df['dist'].max()
    color = plt.cm.get_cmap(COLORMAP)(ndist)
    tstart, tstop = event.loc[['start', 'stop']]
    # timestamps are in week fractions, 2pi is one week
    nsamples = int(1000. * (tstop - tstart))
    t = np.linspace(tstart, tstop, nsamples)
    theta = 2 * np.pi * t
    arc, = ax.plot(theta, t, lw=LINEWIDTH, color=color, solid_capstyle=CAPSTYLE, alpha=ALPHA)
    if EDGEWIDTH > 0:
        arc.set_path_effects([mpe.Stroke(linewidth=LINEWIDTH+EDGEWIDTH, foreground='black'), mpe.Normal()])

# grid and labels
ax.set_rticks([])
ax.set_theta_zero_location("N")
ax.set_theta_direction(-1)
ax.set_xticks(np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 7, endpoint=False))
ax.set_xticklabels(weekdays)
ax.tick_params('x', pad=2)
ax.grid(True)
# setup a custom colorbar, everything's always a bit tricky with mpl colorbars
vmin = df['dist'].min()
vmax = df['dist'].max()
norm = mpl.colors.Normalize(vmin=vmin, vmax=vmax)
sm = plt.cm.ScalarMappable(cmap=COLORMAP, norm=norm)
sm.set_array([])
plt.colorbar(sm, ticks=np.linspace(vmin, vmax, 10), fraction=0.04, aspect=60, pad=0.1, label="distance", ax=ax)

plt.savefig("spiral.png", pad_inches=0, bbox_inches="tight")

完整时间表

要看到它是一个永不重叠的螺旋形，并且也适用于较长的事件，您也可以绘制完整的时间线（此处LINEWIDTH=3.5用于限制莫尔条纹）。

fullt = np.linspace(df['start'].min(), df['stop'].max(), 10000)
theta = 2 * np.pi * fullt
ax.plot(theta, fullt, lw=LINEWIDTH,
        path_effects=[mpe.Stroke(linewidth=LINEWIDTH+LINEBORDER, foreground='black'), mpe.Normal()])

带有随机集的示例…

这是一个随机数据集的图，该数据集200主要是短途旅行，偶尔还有1到2周的长途旅行。

N = 200
df = pd.DataFrame()
df["start"] = np.random.uniform(0, 20, size=N)
df["stop"] = df["start"] + np.random.choice([np.random.uniform(0, 0.1),
                                             np.random.uniform(1., 2.)], p=[0.98, 0.02], size=N)
df["dist"] = np.random.random(size=N)

…和不同的风格

inferno_r彩色贴图，圆形或对接的线帽，半透明，粗体的边缘等（点击放大）

2021-01-20