我正在尝试使用ctypes。我对处理包含数组的C结构感兴趣。考虑以下my_library.c
ctypes
my_library.c
#include <stdio.h> typedef struct { double first_array[10]; double second_array[10]; } ArrayStruct; void print_array_struct(ArrayStruct array_struct){ for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++){ printf("%f\n",array_struct.first_array[i]); } }
并假设我已经将其编译到共享库中了my_so_object.so从Python我可以做这样的事情
my_so_object.so
import ctypes from ctypes import * myLib = CDLL("c/bin/my_so_object.so") class ArrayStruct(ctypes.Structure): _fields_ = [('first_array', ctypes.c_int * 10), ('second_array', ctypes.c_int * 10)] def __repr__(self): return 'ciaone' myLib.print_array_struct.restype = None myLib.print_array_struct.argtype = ArrayStruct my_array_type = ctypes.c_int * 10 x1 = my_array_type() x2 = my_array_type() a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10] x1[0:9] = a[0:9] a = [11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20] x2[0:9] = a[0:9] print(my_array_type) >>> <class '__main__.c_int_Array_10'> print(x1[2]) >>> 3 print(x2[2]) >>> 13 x = ArrayStruct(x1, x2) print(x.first_array[0:9]) >>> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
到目前为止一切顺利:我已经创建了正确的类型,并且一切似乎都正常。但是之后:
myLib.print_array_struct(x) >>> 0.000000 >>> 0.000000 >>> 0.000000 >>> 0.000000 >>> 0.000000 >>> 0.000000 >>> 0.000000 >>> 0.000000 >>> 0.000000 >>> 0.000000
我显然缺少了一些东西。该ArrayStruct类型是公认的(否则呼叫myLib.print_array_struct(x)将抛出一个错误),但不正确初始化。
ArrayStruct
myLib.print_array_struct(x)
代码有2个问题(如我在评论中所述):
有关更多详细信息,请参见[Python 3.Docs]:ctypes- Python的外部函数库。 我修改了您的 Python 代码,以纠正上述错误(以及其他一些小问题)。
code00.py :
#!/usr/bin/env python3 import sys import ctypes DLL_NAME = "./my_so_object.so" DOUBLE_10 = ctypes.c_double * 10 class ArrayStruct(ctypes.Structure): _fields_ = [ ("first_array", DOUBLE_10), ("second_array", DOUBLE_10), ] def main(): dll_handle = ctypes.CDLL(DLL_NAME) print_array_struct_func = dll_handle.print_array_struct print_array_struct_func.argtypes = [ArrayStruct] print_array_struct_func.restype = None x1 = DOUBLE_10() x2 = DOUBLE_10() x1[:] = range(1, 11) x2[:] = range(11, 21) print([item for item in x1]) print([item for item in x2]) arg = ArrayStruct(x1, x2) print_array_struct_func(arg) if __name__ == "__main__": print("Python {:s} on {:s}\n".format(sys.version, sys.platform)) main()
输出 :
[cfati@cfati-ubtu16x64-0:~/Work/Dev/StackOverflow/q050447199]> python3 code00.py Python 3.5.2 (default, Nov 23 2017, 16:37:01) [GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0, 10.0] [11.0, 12.0, 13.0, 14.0, 15.0, 16.0, 17.0, 18.0, 19.0, 20.0] 1.000000 2.000000 3.000000 4.000000 5.000000 6.000000 7.000000 8.000000 9.000000 10.000000
[cfati@cfati-ubtu16x64-0:~/Work/Dev/StackOverflow/q050447199]> python3
code00.py Python 3.5.2 (default, Nov 23 2017, 16:37:01) [GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux
[1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0, 10.0] [11.0, 12.0, 13.0, 14.0, 15.0, 16.0, 17.0, 18.0, 19.0, 20.0] 1.000000 2.000000 3.000000 4.000000 5.000000 6.000000 7.000000 8.000000 9.000000 10.000000
错误 #1。 是( 较新的 )[SO]的“重复” :通过ctypes从Python调用的C函数返回错误的值(@CristiFati的回答)。