我正在尝试为一些数据生成热图,我的代码如下所示:
data = [['basis', 2007, 2008], [1, 2.2, 3.4], [2, 0, -2.2], [3, -4.1, -2.5], [4, -5.8, 1.2], [5, -5.4, -3.6], [6, 1.4, -5.9]] x_header = data[0][1:] y_header = [i for i in range(1, 13)] data=data[1:] for i in range(len(data)): data[i] = data[i][1:] arr = np.array(data) fig, ax = plt.subplots() #heatmap = plt.pcolor(arr, cmap = 'RdBu') norm = MidpointNormalize(midpoint=0) im = ax.imshow(data, norm=norm, cmap=plt.cm.seismic, interpolation='none') ax.set_xticks(np.arange(arr.shape[1]), minor=False) ax.set_yticks(np.arange(arr.shape[0]), minor=False) ax.xaxis.tick_top() ax.set_xticklabels(x_header, rotation=90) ax.set_yticklabels(y_header) fig.colorbar(im) plt.show()
它生成图像
我也想在网格内显示值。有什么办法吗?
当然,只需执行以下操作:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import numpy as np data = np.random.random((4, 4)) fig, ax = plt.subplots() # Using matshow here just because it sets the ticks up nicely. imshow is faster. ax.matshow(data, cmap='seismic') for (i, j), z in np.ndenumerate(data): ax.text(j, i, '{:0.1f}'.format(z), ha='center', va='center') plt.show()
但是,标签很难看到,因此您可能需要在它们周围放置一个框:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import numpy as np data = np.random.random((4, 4)) fig, ax = plt.subplots() # Using matshow here just because it sets the ticks up nicely. imshow is faster. ax.matshow(data, cmap='seismic') for (i, j), z in np.ndenumerate(data): ax.text(j, i, '{:0.1f}'.format(z), ha='center', va='center', bbox=dict(boxstyle='round', facecolor='white', edgecolor='0.3')) plt.show()
另外,在许多情况下,这样ax.annotate做更为有用ax.text。它在放置文本方面更加灵活,但也更加复杂。在这里看看示例:http : //matplotlib.org/users/annotations_guide.html
ax.annotate
ax.text