考虑以下

mysql> select * from employee ;
+------+------+--------+
| id   | name | skills |
+------+------+--------+
|    1 | xyz  | 1,2,4  |
|    2 | abc  | 1,3    |
|    3 | lmn  | 1,2,3  |
+------+------+--------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from skillset ;
+------+----------+
| id   | skillset |
+------+----------+
|    1 | Python   |
|    2 | Java     |
|    3 | C        |
|    4 | PHP      |
+------+----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

这种结构与您的结构相似，但是在这种情况下可以进行查询，但是我们可以使用，find_in_set但是效率很低，这里有几个示例

mysql> select e.id,
e.name, 
group_concat(s.skillset) as skillset 
from employee e join skillset s 
on find_in_set(s.id,e.skills) > 0 
where find_in_set(1,e.skills) > 0 
 group by e.id ;
+------+------+-----------------+
| id   | name | skillset        |
+------+------+-----------------+
|    1 | xyz  | Python,Java,PHP |
|    2 | abc  | C,Python        |
|    3 | lmn  | Java,Python,C   |
+------+------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

select e.id,
e.name, 
group_concat(s.skillset) as skillset 
from employee e 
join skillset s on find_in_set(s.id,e.skills) > 0 
where find_in_set(2,e.skills) > 0  group by e.id ;
+------+------+-----------------+
| id   | name | skillset        |
+------+------+-----------------+
|    1 | xyz  | Python,PHP,Java |
|    3 | lmn  | C,Java,Python   |
+------+------+-----------------+

现在，适当的规范化将使生活变得更加简单，并将具有以下关联表

mysql> select * from employee_skills; 
+------------+----------+
| idemployee | idskills |
+------------+----------+
|          1 |        1 |
|          1 |        2 |
|          1 |        3 |
|          2 |        1 |
|          2 |        3 |
|          3 |        1 |
|          3 |        2 |
|          3 |        3 |
+------------+----------+

现在，在这种情况下执行查询将更加高效

mysql> select e.id,
e.name,
s.skillset from employee e 
join employee_skills es on es.idemployee = e.id 
join skillset s on s.id = es.idskills where s.id = 1 ;
+------+------+----------+
| id   | name | skillset |
+------+------+----------+
|    1 | xyz  | Python   |
|    2 | abc  | Python   |
|    3 | lmn  | Python   |
+------+------+----------+

使用最后一种方法，可以很容易地完成更复杂的计算。