我正在处理家庭作业问题。我的触发器遇到编译问题，无法理解如何创建引用序列和另一个表的触发器，并将这些值插入到我创建的日志表中。我已经读到，在Table列条目上使用SERIALnot null可能会消除对序列和引用表的需要，但是我需要它才能完成我的作业。
我需要一些帮助来弄清楚如何触发我的触发器。我的序列中的绑定变量：NEW以及从另一个表插入的idpay值都存在问题。我不确定我的声明是否正确以及BEGIN语句之后的前两个语句是否正确，因为第一行被标记为编译错误。 我认为此示例正在发生某些事情，并且我在IF语句中缺少NULL值条目，但是不确定在我的编码中应该放置该部分的位置。
当然，关于触发器的Oracle 11g参考文档，我已经看过了，但是您也可以自己查看。
这是设置问题：1.使用捐赠数据库。该组织希望跟踪所有抵押付款活动。每次添加，更改或删除质押付款时，应在单独的表中捕获以下信息：用户名，当前日期，采取的措施（INSERT，UPDATE或DELETE）以及付款记录的idpay值。
创建一个名为DD_PAYTRACK的表来保存此信息。包括要由序列填充的主键列，并为主键列创建名为DD_PTRACK_SEQ的新序列。
创建一个触发器来记录请求的信息以跟踪质押付款活动，并针对idpay = 1470的所有操作类型测试触发器。通过使用SELECT语句显示DD_PAYTRACK表中的记录。
select * from dd_paytrack; IDTRACK PTUSER PTDATE PTACTION PTPAYID 4 AAX5367E220 10-DEC-12 INSERT 1470 5 AAX5367E220 10-DEC-12 UPDATE 1470 6 AAX5367E220 10-DEC-12 DELETE 1470
到目前为止，即使添加了这些Insert，Update和Delete语句，这也是我到目前为止所做的事情，它仍然返回Empty表，但是由于下面的答案，我已经修复了所建议的问题。
我已修复它，在编译触发器之后，我不得不添加自己的Update，Insert和Delete语句。 现在效果很好。谢谢诺埃尔！*
DROP TABLE dd_paytrack; DROP SEQUENCE idtrack_seq; CREATE TABLE dd_paytrack( idtrack NUMBER, pt_user VARCHAR2(30), pt_date DATE, pt_action VARCHAR2(30), pt_payid NUMBER(6,0), CONSTRAINT pk_dd_paytrack PRIMARY KEY (idtrack) ); CREATE SEQUENCE idtrack_seq; CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER pledge_pay_trigger AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON dd_payment FOR EACH ROW DECLARE log_action dd_paytrack.pt_action%TYPE; id_pay dd_paytrack.pt_payid%TYPE; BEGIN id_pay := :NEW.idpay; IF INSERTING THEN log_action := 'Insert'; ELSIF UPDATING THEN log_action := 'Update'; ELSIF DELETING THEN id_pay := :OLD.idpay; log_action := 'Delete'; ELSE DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('This code is not reachable.'); END IF; INSERT INTO dd_paytrack (idtrack, pt_user, pt_date, pt_action, pt_payid) VALUES(idtrack_seq.NEXTVAL, USER, TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'DD-MON-YY'), log_action, id_pay); END pledge_pay_trigger; /
INSERT INTO dd_payment(idpay, idpledge, payamt, paydate, paymethod) VALUES (1470, 105, 250, SYSDATE, ‘CC’); commit;
UPDATE dd_payment SET payamt = 25 WHERE idpay = 1470; commit; UPDATE dd_payment SET payamt = 2000 WHERE idpay = 1470; COMMIT; DELETE FROM dd_payment WHERE idpay = 1470; COMMIT; SET serveroutput ON select * from dd_paytrack;
这是捐赠表方案，它针对我的家庭作业问题引用了dd_paytrack表。我对其进行了测试，并且在剪切和粘贴之后，该架构似乎可以正常工作。
-- The DoGood Donor Database -- A donor, who represents a person or company that has committed to make a donation to the DoGood organzation. DROP TABLE dd_donor CASCADE CONSTRAINTS; DROP TABLE dd_project CASCADE CONSTRAINTS; DROP TABLE dd_status CASCADE CONSTRAINTS; DROP TABLE dd_pledge CASCADE CONSTRAINTS; DROP TABLE dd_payment CASCADE CONSTRAINTS; CREATE TABLE DD_Donor ( idDonor number(4), Firstname varchar2(15), Lastname varchar2(30), Typecode CHAR(1), Street varchar2(40), City varchar2(20), State char(2), Zip varchar2(9), Phone varchar2(10), Fax varchar2(10), Email varchar2(25), News char(1), dtentered date DEFAULT SYSDATE, CONSTRAINT donor_id_pk PRIMARY KEY(idDonor) ); CREATE TABLE DD_Project ( idProj number(6), Projname varchar2(60), Projstartdate DATE, Projenddate DATE, Projfundgoal number(12,2), ProjCoord varchar2(20), CONSTRAINT project_id_pk PRIMARY KEY(idProj), CONSTRAINT project_name_uk UNIQUE (Projname) ); CREATE TABLE DD_Status ( idStatus number(2), Statusdesc varchar2(15), CONSTRAINT status_id_pk PRIMARY KEY(idStatus) ); CREATE TABLE DD_Pledge ( idPledge number(5), idDonor number(4), Pledgedate DATE, Pledgeamt number(8,2), idProj number(5), idStatus number(2), Writeoff number(8,2), paymonths number(3), Campaign number(4), Firstpledge char(1), CONSTRAINT pledge_id_pk PRIMARY KEY(idPledge), CONSTRAINT pledge_idDonor_fk FOREIGN KEY (idDonor) REFERENCES dd_donor (idDonor), CONSTRAINT pledge_idProj_fk FOREIGN KEY (idProj) REFERENCES dd_project (idProj), CONSTRAINT pledge_idStatus_fk FOREIGN KEY (idStatus) REFERENCES dd_status (idStatus)); CREATE TABLE DD_Payment ( idPay number(6), idPledge number(5), Payamt number(8,2), Paydate DATE, Paymethod char(2), CONSTRAINT payment_id_pk PRIMARY KEY(idPay), CONSTRAINT pay_idpledge_fk FOREIGN KEY (idPledge) REFERENCES dd_pledge (idPledge) ); INSERT INTO dd_donor VALUES (301, 'Mary', 'Treanor', 'I','243 main St.', 'Norfolk', 'VA','23510',NULL,NULL,'mtrea492@mdv.com','Y','01-SEP-2012'); INSERT INTO dd_donor VALUES (302, 'Patrick', 'Lee', 'I','11 Hooper St.', 'Norfolk', 'VA','23510','7572115445',NULL,'pleeNorf@gmail.com','N','09-SEP-2012'); INSERT INTO dd_donor VALUES (303, 'Terry', 'Venor', 'I','556 Loop Lane.', 'Chesapeake', 'VA','23320',NULL,NULL,'tervenr@drw.edu','Y','18-SEP-2012'); INSERT INTO dd_donor VALUES (304, 'Sherry', 'Pane', 'I','Center Blvd.', 'Virginia Beach', 'VA','23455',NULL,NULL,'toppane@yahoo.com','Y','21-SEP-2012'); INSERT INTO dd_donor VALUES (305, 'Thomas', 'Sheer', 'I','66 Train St.', 'Chesapeake', 'VA','23322','7579390022',NULL,'tls3488@sheer.com','Y','01-MAR-2013'); INSERT INTO dd_donor VALUES (306, NULL, 'Coastal Developers', 'B','3667 Shore Dr.', 'Virginia Beach', 'VA','23450','8889220004',NULL,'coastVA@cdev.com','Y','30-SEP-2012'); INSERT INTO dd_donor VALUES (307, NULL, 'VA Community Org', 'G','689 Bush Dr.', 'Norfolk', 'VA','23513','7578337467','7578337468','vacmorg@biz.com','Y','03-OCT-2012'); INSERT INTO dd_donor VALUES (308, 'Betty', 'Konklin', 'I','11 Shark Ln.', 'Virginia Beach', 'VA','23455','7574550087',NULL,'shark11@cox.net','N','04-OCT-2012'); INSERT INTO dd_donor VALUES (309, 'Jim', 'Tapp', 'I','200 Pine Tree Blvd.', 'Chesapeake', 'VA','23320','',NULL,'','N','08-OCT-2012'); INSERT INTO dd_donor VALUES (310, NULL, 'Unique Dezigns', 'B','Connect Circle Unit 12', 'Chesapeake', 'VA','23320','7574442121',NULL,'UDezigns@cox.net','Y','11-SEP-2012'); INSERT INTO dd_project VALUES (500,'Elders Assistance League', '01-SEP-2012','31-OCT-2012',15000,'Shawn Hasee'); INSERT INTO dd_project VALUES (501,'Community food pantry #21 freezer equipment', '01-OCT-2012','31-DEC- 2012',65000,'Shawn Hasee'); INSERT INTO dd_project VALUES (502,'Lang Scholarship Fund', '01-JAN-2013','01-NOV-2013',100000,'Traci Brown'); INSERT INTO dd_project VALUES (503,'Animal shelter Vet Connect Program', '01-DEC-2012','30-MAR- 2013',25000,'Traci Brown'); INSERT INTO dd_project VALUES (504,'Shelter Share Project 2013', '01-FEB-2013','31-JUL-2013',35000,'Traci Brown'); INSERT INTO dd_status VALUES (10,'Open'); INSERT INTO dd_status VALUES (20,'Complete'); INSERT INTO dd_status VALUES (30,'Overdue'); INSERT INTO dd_status VALUES (40,'Closed'); INSERT INTO dd_status VALUES (50,'Hold'); INSERT INTO dd_pledge VALUES (100,303,'18-SEP-2012',80,500,20,NULL,0,738,'Y'); INSERT INTO dd_pledge VALUES (101,304,'21-SEP-2012',35,500,20,NULL,0,738,'Y'); INSERT INTO dd_pledge VALUES (102,310,'01-OCT-2012',500,501,20,NULL,0,749,'Y'); INSERT INTO dd_pledge VALUES (103,307,'03-OCT-2012',2000,501,20,NULL,0,749,'N'); INSERT INTO dd_pledge VALUES (104,308,'04-OCT-2012',240,501,10,NULL,12,749,'Y'); INSERT INTO dd_pledge VALUES (105,309,'08-OCT-2012',120,501,10,NULL,12,749,'Y'); INSERT INTO dd_pledge VALUES (106,301,'12-OCT-2012',75,500,20,NULL,0,738,'N'); INSERT INTO dd_pledge VALUES (107,302,'15-OCT-2012',1200,501,10,NULL,24,749,'Y'); INSERT INTO dd_pledge VALUES (108,308,'20-JAN-2013',480,503,10,NULL,24,790,'N'); INSERT INTO dd_pledge VALUES (109,301,'01-FEB-2013',360,503,10,NULL,12,790,'N'); INSERT INTO dd_pledge VALUES (110,303,'01-MAR-2013',300,504,10,NULL,12,756,'N'); INSERT INTO dd_pledge VALUES (111,306,'01-MAR-2013',1500,504,20,NULL,0,756,'Y'); INSERT INTO dd_pledge VALUES (112,309,'16-MAR-2013',240,504,10,NULL,12,756,'N'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1425,100,80,'18-SEP-2012','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1426,101,35,'21-SEP-2012','DC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1427,102,500,'01-OCT-2012','CH'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1428,103,2000,'03-OCT-2012','CH'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1429,106,75,'12-OCT-2012','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1430,104,20,'01-NOV-2012','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1431,105,10,'01-NOV-2012','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1432,107,50,'01-NOV-2012','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1433,104,20,'01-DEC-2012','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1434,105,10,'01-DEC-2012','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1435,107,50,'01-DEC-2012','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1436,104,20,'01-JAN-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1437,105,10,'01-JAN-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1438,107,50,'01-JAN-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1439,104,20,'01-FEB-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1440,105,10,'01-FEB-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1441,107,50,'01-FEB-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1442,108,20,'01-FEB-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1443,109,30,'01-FEB-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1444,104,20,'01-MAR-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1445,105,10,'01-MAR-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1446,107,50,'01-MAR-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1447,108,20,'01-MAR-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1448,109,30,'01-MAR-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1449,110,25,'01-MAR-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1450,111,1500,'01-MAR-2013','CH'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1451,104,20,'01-APR-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1452,105,10,'01-APR-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1453,107,50,'01-APR-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1454,108,20,'01-APR-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1455,109,30,'01-APR-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1456,110,25,'01-APR-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1457,112,20,'01-APR-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1458,104,20,'01-MAY-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1459,105,10,'01-MAY-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1460,107,50,'01-MAY-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1461,108,20,'01-MAY-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1462,109,30,'01-MAY-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1463,110,25,'01-MAY-2013','CC'); INSERT INTO dd_payment VALUES (1464,112,20,'01-MAY-2013','CC'); COMMIT;
由于您在insert语句中使用序列值，
INSERT INTO dd_paytrack (idtrack, pt_user, pt_date, pt_action, pt_payid ) VALUES (idtrack_seq.NEXTVAL, USER, TO_CHAR (SYSDATE, 'DD-MON-YY'), log_action, id_pay );
无需如下选择。
SELECT idtrack_seq.NEXTVAL INTO :NEW.idtrack FROM DUAL;
另外，您在此行中错过了一个冒号，
id_pay := :OLD.idpay;
编辑：还有一件事，触发器中没有DBMS_OUTPUT语句是没有意义的。由于您不会看到它，即使执行达到了它也是如此。
