小编典典

在MySQL中使用函数创建列别名?

sql

我有这张桌子

sales(productid, sales_date)

我想获取过去12个月的每月销售量。

如何在列别名上生成月份名称(无需硬编码)?

我尝试了这个:-

http://sqlfiddle.com/#!2/ee777/9

但是我想要这种格式的结果表

productid   Oct-12  Nov-12  Dec-12  Jan-13  Feb-13  Mar-13  Apr-13  May-13
1           0       0       3       4       2       8       2       11      
2           0       5       6       8       2       0       0       0

我试图使用函数给列别名,DATE_FORMAT(sales_date, '%M')但这是语法错误。

select productid,sum(if(DATE_FORMAT(sales_date,'%Y%m')=
DATE_FORMAT(date_sub(curdate(),interval 12 month),'%Y%m'),1,0)) 
`12 Months Before`,
sum(if(DATE_FORMAT(sales_date,'%Y%m')=
DATE_FORMAT(date_sub(curdate(),interval 11 month),'%Y%m'),1,0)) 
`11 Months Before`,
sum(if(DATE_FORMAT(sales_date,'%Y%m')=
DATE_FORMAT(date_sub(curdate(),interval 10 month),'%Y%m'),1,0)) 
`10 Months Before`,
sum(if(DATE_FORMAT(sales_date,'%Y%m')=
DATE_FORMAT(date_sub(curdate(),interval 9 month),'%Y%m'),1,0)) 
`9 Months Before`,
sum(if(DATE_FORMAT(sales_date,'%Y%m')=
DATE_FORMAT(date_sub(curdate(),interval 8 month),'%Y%m'),1,0)) 
`8 Months Before`,
sum(if(DATE_FORMAT(sales_date,'%Y%m')=
DATE_FORMAT(date_sub(curdate(),interval 7 month),'%Y%m'),1,0)) 
`7 Months Before`,
sum(if(DATE_FORMAT(sales_date,'%Y%m')=
DATE_FORMAT(date_sub(curdate(),interval 6 month),'%Y%m'),1,0)) 
`6 Months Before`,
sum(if(DATE_FORMAT(sales_date,'%Y%m')=
DATE_FORMAT(date_sub(curdate(),interval 5 month),'%Y%m'),1,0)) 
`5 Months Before`,
sum(if(DATE_FORMAT(sales_date,'%Y%m')=
DATE_FORMAT(date_sub(curdate(),interval 4 month),'%Y%m'),1,0)) 
`4 Months Before`,
sum(if(DATE_FORMAT(sales_date,'%Y%m')=
DATE_FORMAT(date_sub(curdate(),interval 3 month),'%Y%m'),1,0)) 
`3 Months Before`,
sum(if(DATE_FORMAT(sales_date,'%Y%m')=
DATE_FORMAT(date_sub(curdate(),interval 2 month),'%Y%m'),1,0)) 
`2 Months Before`,
sum(if(DATE_FORMAT(sales_date,'%Y%m')=
DATE_FORMAT(date_sub(curdate(),interval 1 month),'%Y%m'),1,0)) 
`1 Months Before`
from sales
group by productid;

我如何获得月份和年份的别名(例如:-Oct-12)来代替12 Months Before11 Months Before等等。


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2021-04-28

共1个答案

小编典典

MySql没有,PIVOT因此您必须使用conditional SUM()

有两种选择:

  1. 如果周期数是有限的并且事先已知,则可以手动执行
  2. 您可以使用动态SQL即时生成查询,然后执行它

查询option1可能看起来像这样

SELECT productid
      ,SUM(CASE WHEN DATE_FORMAT(sales_date, '%Y%m') = '201210' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) `Oct12`
      ,SUM(CASE WHEN DATE_FORMAT(sales_date, '%Y%m') = '201211' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) `Nov12`      
      ,SUM(CASE WHEN DATE_FORMAT(sales_date, '%Y%m') = '201212' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) `Dec12`
      ,SUM(CASE WHEN DATE_FORMAT(sales_date, '%Y%m') = '201301' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) `Jan13`
      ,SUM(CASE WHEN DATE_FORMAT(sales_date, '%Y%m') = '201302' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) `Feb13`      
      ,SUM(CASE WHEN DATE_FORMAT(sales_date, '%Y%m') = '201303' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) `Mar13`
      ,SUM(CASE WHEN DATE_FORMAT(sales_date, '%Y%m') = '201304' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) `Apr13`
      ,SUM(CASE WHEN DATE_FORMAT(sales_date, '%Y%m') = '201305' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) `May13`      
      ,SUM(CASE WHEN DATE_FORMAT(sales_date, '%Y%m') = '201306' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) `Jun13`
 FROM sales
WHERE sales_date BETWEEN '2012-10-01' AND '2013-06-30'
GROUP BY productid

样本输出:

| PRODUCTID | OCT12 | NOV12 | DEC12 | JAN13 | 2月13日| MAR13 | APR13 | 5月13日| 13月|
-------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |

这是 SQLFiddle 演示


现在是使用动态SQL(PREPAREEXECUTE)的 选项2的版本

SELECT
  GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT
    CONCAT(
      'SUM(CASE WHEN DATE_FORMAT(sales_date, ''%Y%m'') = ''',
      DATE_FORMAT(period, '%Y%m'), ''' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) `', DATE_FORMAT(period, '%b%y'), '`'
    )
  ) INTO @sql
FROM
(
    SELECT DATE_FORMAT(sales_date, '%Y-%m-01') period
      FROM sales
     WHERE sales_date BETWEEN DATE_FORMAT(CURDATE() - INTERVAL 11 MONTH, '%Y-%m-01') AND CURDATE()
     GROUP BY DATE_FORMAT(sales_date, '%Y-%m-01')
) s;

SET @sql = CONCAT
('SELECT productid, ', @sql, ' 
    FROM sales
   WHERE sales_date BETWEEN DATE_FORMAT(CURDATE() - INTERVAL 11 MONTH, ''%Y-%m-01'') AND CURDATE()
   GROUP BY productid'
);

PREPARE stmt FROM @sql;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;

输出是相同的。

| PRODUCTID | 7月| AUG12 | SEP12 | OCT12 | NOV12 | DEC12 | JAN13 | 2月13日| MAR13 | APR13 | 5月13日| 13月|
-------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------
| 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |

这是 SQLFiddle 演示

2021-04-28