是否有命令或现有脚本可以让我一次查看所有 *NIX 系统的计划 cron 作业?我希望它包含所有用户 crontab,/etc/crontab以及/etc/cron.d. 也很高兴看到run- partsin运行的特定命令/etc/crontab。
/etc/crontab
/etc/cron.d
run- parts
理想情况下,我希望以漂亮的列形式输出并以某种有意义的方式排序。
然后,我可以合并来自多个服务器的这些列表,以查看整体“事件时间表”。
我正要自己写这样一个脚本,但如果有人已经麻烦了......
我最终编写了一个脚本(我试图自学 bash 脚本的更精细的点,所以这就是为什么你在这里看不到 Perl 之类的东西)。这不是一件简单的事情,但它可以满足我的大部分需求。它使用 Kyle 的建议来查找单个用户的 crontab,但也处理/etc/crontab(包括run-partsin /etc/cron.hourly、/etc/cron.daily等启动的脚本)和/etc/cron.d目录中的作业。它采用所有这些并将它们合并到如下所示的显示中:
run-parts
/etc/cron.hourly
/etc/cron.daily
mi h d m w user command 09,39 * * * * root [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) -print0 | xargs -r -0 rm 47 */8 * * * root rsync -axE --delete --ignore-errors / /mirror/ >/dev/null 17 1 * * * root /etc/cron.daily/apt 17 1 * * * root /etc/cron.daily/aptitude 17 1 * * * root /etc/cron.daily/find 17 1 * * * root /etc/cron.daily/logrotate 17 1 * * * root /etc/cron.daily/man-db 17 1 * * * root /etc/cron.daily/ntp 17 1 * * * root /etc/cron.daily/standard 17 1 * * * root /etc/cron.daily/sysklogd 27 2 * * 7 root /etc/cron.weekly/man-db 27 2 * * 7 root /etc/cron.weekly/sysklogd 13 3 * * * archiver /usr/local/bin/offsite-backup 2>&1 32 3 1 * * root /etc/cron.monthly/standard 36 4 * * * yukon /home/yukon/bin/do-daily-stuff 5 5 * * * archiver /usr/local/bin/update-logs >/dev/null
请注意,它显示了用户,并且或多或少按小时和分钟排序,以便我可以看到每日时间表。
到目前为止,我已经在 Ubuntu、Debian 和 Red Hat AS 上对其进行了测试。
#!/bin/bash # System-wide crontab file and cron job directory. Change these for your system. CRONTAB='/etc/crontab' CRONDIR='/etc/cron.d' # Single tab character. Annoyingly necessary. tab=$(echo -en "\t") # Given a stream of crontab lines, exclude non-cron job lines, replace # whitespace characters with a single space, and remove any spaces from the # beginning of each line. function clean_cron_lines() { while read line ; do echo "${line}" | egrep --invert-match '^($|\s*#|\s*[[:alnum:]_]+=)' | sed --regexp-extended "s/\s+/ /g" | sed --regexp-extended "s/^ //" done; } # Given a stream of cleaned crontab lines, echo any that don't include the # run-parts command, and for those that do, show each job file in the run-parts # directory as if it were scheduled explicitly. function lookup_run_parts() { while read line ; do match=$(echo "${line}" | egrep -o 'run-parts (-{1,2}\S+ )*\S+') if [[ -z "${match}" ]] ; then echo "${line}" else cron_fields=$(echo "${line}" | cut -f1-6 -d' ') cron_job_dir=$(echo "${match}" | awk '{print $NF}') if [[ -d "${cron_job_dir}" ]] ; then for cron_job_file in "${cron_job_dir}"/* ; do # */ <not a comment> [[ -f "${cron_job_file}" ]] && echo "${cron_fields} ${cron_job_file}" done fi fi done; } # Temporary file for crontab lines. temp=$(mktemp) || exit 1 # Add all of the jobs from the system-wide crontab file. cat "${CRONTAB}" | clean_cron_lines | lookup_run_parts >"${temp}" # Add all of the jobs from the system-wide cron directory. cat "${CRONDIR}"/* | clean_cron_lines >>"${temp}" # */ <not a comment> # Add each user's crontab (if it exists). Insert the user's name between the # five time fields and the command. while read user ; do crontab -l -u "${user}" 2>/dev/null | clean_cron_lines | sed --regexp-extended "s/^((\S+ +){5})(.+)$/\1${user} \3/" >>"${temp}" done < <(cut --fields=1 --delimiter=: /etc/passwd) # Output the collected crontab lines. Replace the single spaces between the # fields with tab characters, sort the lines by hour and minute, insert the # header line, and format the results as a table. cat "${temp}" | sed --regexp-extended "s/^(\S+) +(\S+) +(\S+) +(\S+) +(\S+) +(\S+) +(.*)$/\1\t\2\t\3\t\4\t\5\t\6\t\7/" | sort --numeric-sort --field-separator="${tab}" --key=2,1 | sed "1i\mi\th\td\tm\tw\tuser\tcommand" | column -s"${tab}" -t rm --force "${temp}"