只需两步即可轻松完成：

dictionary[new_key] = dictionary[old_key]
del dictionary[old_key]

或在 1 步中：

dictionary[new_key] = dictionary.pop(old_key)

KeyError如果dictionary[old_key]未定义，这将引发。请注意，这 将 删除dictionary[old_key].

>>> dictionary = { 1: 'one', 2:'two', 3:'three' }
>>> dictionary['ONE'] = dictionary.pop(1)
>>> dictionary
{2: 'two', 3: 'three', 'ONE': 'one'}
>>> dictionary['ONE'] = dictionary.pop(1)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
KeyError: 1