小编典典

XML可序列化可序列化对象的通用列表

c#

我可以序列化可序列化对象的一般列表,而无需指定它们的类型。

类似于以下破损代码背后的意图:

List<ISerializable> serializableList = new List<ISerializable>();

XmlSerializer xmlSerializer = new XmlSerializer(serializableList.GetType());

serializableList.Add((ISerializable)PersonList);

using (StreamWriter streamWriter = System.IO.File.CreateText(fileName))
{
    xmlSerializer.Serialize(streamWriter, serializableList);
}

编辑:

对于那些想了解细节的人:当我尝试运行此代码时,它在XMLSerializer […]行上的错误如下:

无法序列化接口System.Runtime.Serialization.ISerializable。

如果我改变了List<object>我会得到"There was an error generating the XML document."。InnerException详细信息是"{"The type System.Collections.Generic.List1[[Project1.Person, ConsoleFramework, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null]] may not be used in this context."}"

人员对象定义如下:

[XmlRoot("Person")]
public class Person
{
    string _firstName = String.Empty;
    string _lastName = String.Empty;

    private Person()
    {
    }

    public Person(string lastName, string firstName)
    {
        _lastName = lastName;
        _firstName = firstName;
    }

    [XmlAttribute(DataType = "string", AttributeName = "LastName")]
    public string LastName
    {
        get { return _lastName; }
        set { _lastName = value; }
    }

    [XmlAttribute(DataType = "string", AttributeName = "FirstName")]
    public string FirstName
    {
        get { return _firstName; }
        set { _firstName = value; }
    }
}

PersonList只是一个List<Person>

不过,这只是用于测试,因此并不认为细节太重要。关键是我有一个或多个不同的对象,所有这些对象都是可序列化的。我想将它们全部序列化为一个文件。我认为最简单的方法是将它们放在通用列表中,然后一次性序列化列表。但这是行不通的。

我也尝试过List<IXmlSerializable>,但是失败了

System.Xml.Serialization.IXmlSerializable cannot be serialized because it does not have a parameterless constructor.

抱歉,缺少详细信息,但是我是一位初学者,不知道需要什么详细信息。如果人们要求更多细节,而试图以某种方式让我理解需要的细节或概述可能指示的基本答案,那将很有帮助。

也要 感谢 到目前为止我得到的两个答案-如果不理解这些主意,我本可以花更多的时间阅读。人们在此站点上的帮助程度令人惊讶。


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2020-05-19

共1个答案

小编典典

我有一个带有动态绑定项的通用List <>的解决方案。

类PersonalList是根元素

[XmlRoot("PersonenListe")]
[XmlInclude(typeof(Person))] // include type class Person
public class PersonalList
{
    [XmlArray("PersonenArray")]
    [XmlArrayItem("PersonObjekt")]
    public List<Person> Persons = new List<Person>();

    [XmlElement("Listname")]
    public string Listname { get; set; }

    // Konstruktoren 
    public PersonalList() { }

    public PersonalList(string name)
    {
        this.Listname = name;
    }

    public void AddPerson(Person person)
    {
        Persons.Add(person);
    }
}

类Person这是一个列表元素

[XmlType("Person")] // define Type
[XmlInclude(typeof(SpecialPerson)), XmlInclude(typeof(SuperPerson))]  
        // include type class SpecialPerson and class SuperPerson
public class Person
{
    [XmlAttribute("PersID", DataType = "string")]
    public string ID { get; set; }

    [XmlElement("Name")]
    public string Name { get; set; }

    [XmlElement("City")]
    public string City { get; set; }

    [XmlElement("Age")]
    public int Age { get; set; }

    // Konstruktoren 
    public Person() { }

    public Person(string name, string city, int age, string id)
    {
        this.Name = name;
        this.City = city;
        this.Age = age;
        this.ID = id;
    }
}

类SpecialPerson继承Person

[XmlType("SpecialPerson")] // define Type
public class SpecialPerson : Person
{
    [XmlElement("SpecialInterests")]
    public string Interests { get; set; }

    public SpecialPerson() { }

    public SpecialPerson(string name, string city, int age, string id, string interests)
    {
        this.Name = name;
        this.City = city;
        this.Age = age;
        this.ID = id;
        this.Interests = interests;
    }
}

类SuperPerson继承Person

[XmlType("SuperPerson")] // define Type
public class SuperPerson : Person
{
    [XmlArray("Skills")]
    [XmlArrayItem("Skill")]
    public List<String> Skills { get; set; }

    [XmlElement("Alias")]
    public string Alias { get; set; }

    public SuperPerson() 
    {
        Skills = new List<String>();
    }

    public SuperPerson(string name, string city, int age, string id, string[] skills, string alias)
    {
        Skills = new List<String>();

        this.Name = name;
        this.City = city;
        this.Age = age;
        this.ID = id;
        foreach (string item in skills)
        {
            this.Skills.Add(item);   
        }
        this.Alias = alias;
    }
}

和主要的测试源

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    PersonalList personen = new PersonalList(); 
    personen.Listname = "Friends";

    // normal person
    Person normPerson = new Person();
    normPerson.ID = "0";
    normPerson.Name = "Max Man";
    normPerson.City = "Capitol City";
    normPerson.Age = 33;

    // special person
    SpecialPerson specPerson = new SpecialPerson();
    specPerson.ID = "1";
    specPerson.Name = "Albert Einstein";
    specPerson.City = "Ulm";
    specPerson.Age = 36;
    specPerson.Interests = "Physics";

    // super person
    SuperPerson supPerson = new SuperPerson();
    supPerson.ID = "2";
    supPerson.Name = "Superman";
    supPerson.Alias = "Clark Kent";
    supPerson.City = "Metropolis";
    supPerson.Age = int.MaxValue;
    supPerson.Skills.Add("fly");
    supPerson.Skills.Add("strong");

    // Add Persons
    personen.AddPerson(normPerson);
    personen.AddPerson(specPerson);
    personen.AddPerson(supPerson);

    // Serialize 
    Type[] personTypes = { typeof(Person), typeof(SpecialPerson), typeof(SuperPerson) };
    XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(PersonalList), personTypes); 
    FileStream fs = new FileStream("Personenliste.xml", FileMode.Create); 
    serializer.Serialize(fs, personen); 
    fs.Close(); 
    personen = null;

    // Deserialize 
    fs = new FileStream("Personenliste.xml", FileMode.Open); 
    personen = (PersonalList)serializer.Deserialize(fs); 
    serializer.Serialize(Console.Out, personen);
    Console.ReadLine();
}

重要的是定义,并包括不同的类型。

2020-05-19