我需要使用C#创建一个自签名证书(用于本地加密-它不用于保护通信)。
我已经看到一些使用带有Crypt32.dll的P / Invoke的实现,但是它们很复杂并且很难更新参数-而且我也想尽可能避免使用P / Invoke。
我不需要跨平台的东西-仅在Windows上运行就足够了。
理想情况下,结果将是X509Certificate2对象,我可以使用该对象将其插入Windows证书存储区或导出到PFX文件。
此实现使用CX509CertificateRequestCertificateCOM对象(和其朋友-MSDN doc)certenroll.dll创建自签名证书请求并对其进行签名。
CX509CertificateRequestCertificate
certenroll.dll
下面的示例非常简单(如果您忽略此处出现的COM内容),并且代码中的某些部分实际上是可选的(例如EKU),这些部分仍然有用且易于使用适应您的使用。
public static X509Certificate2 CreateSelfSignedCertificate(string subjectName) { // create DN for subject and issuer var dn = new CX500DistinguishedName(); dn.Encode("CN=" + subjectName, X500NameFlags.XCN_CERT_NAME_STR_NONE); // create a new private key for the certificate CX509PrivateKey privateKey = new CX509PrivateKey(); privateKey.ProviderName = "Microsoft Base Cryptographic Provider v1.0"; privateKey.MachineContext = true; privateKey.Length = 2048; privateKey.KeySpec = X509KeySpec.XCN_AT_SIGNATURE; // use is not limited privateKey.ExportPolicy = X509PrivateKeyExportFlags.XCN_NCRYPT_ALLOW_PLAINTEXT_EXPORT_FLAG; privateKey.Create(); // Use the stronger SHA512 hashing algorithm var hashobj = new CObjectId(); hashobj.InitializeFromAlgorithmName(ObjectIdGroupId.XCN_CRYPT_HASH_ALG_OID_GROUP_ID, ObjectIdPublicKeyFlags.XCN_CRYPT_OID_INFO_PUBKEY_ANY, AlgorithmFlags.AlgorithmFlagsNone, "SHA512"); // add extended key usage if you want - look at MSDN for a list of possible OIDs var oid = new CObjectId(); oid.InitializeFromValue("1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1"); // SSL server var oidlist = new CObjectIds(); oidlist.Add(oid); var eku = new CX509ExtensionEnhancedKeyUsage(); eku.InitializeEncode(oidlist); // Create the self signing request var cert = new CX509CertificateRequestCertificate(); cert.InitializeFromPrivateKey(X509CertificateEnrollmentContext.ContextMachine, privateKey, ""); cert.Subject = dn; cert.Issuer = dn; // the issuer and the subject are the same cert.NotBefore = DateTime.Now; // this cert expires immediately. Change to whatever makes sense for you cert.NotAfter = DateTime.Now; cert.X509Extensions.Add((CX509Extension)eku); // add the EKU cert.HashAlgorithm = hashobj; // Specify the hashing algorithm cert.Encode(); // encode the certificate // Do the final enrollment process var enroll = new CX509Enrollment(); enroll.InitializeFromRequest(cert); // load the certificate enroll.CertificateFriendlyName = subjectName; // Optional: add a friendly name string csr = enroll.CreateRequest(); // Output the request in base64 // and install it back as the response enroll.InstallResponse(InstallResponseRestrictionFlags.AllowUntrustedCertificate, csr, EncodingType.XCN_CRYPT_STRING_BASE64, ""); // no password // output a base64 encoded PKCS#12 so we can import it back to the .Net security classes var base64encoded = enroll.CreatePFX("", // no password, this is for internal consumption PFXExportOptions.PFXExportChainWithRoot); // instantiate the target class with the PKCS#12 data (and the empty password) return new System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2( System.Convert.FromBase64String(base64encoded), "", // mark the private key as exportable (this is usually what you want to do) System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509KeyStorageFlags.Exportable ); }
可以X509Store使用这些X509Certificate2方法将结果添加到证书存储中或将其导出。
X509Store
X509Certificate2
对于一个全面管理,而不是依赖于微软的平台,如果你使用Mono的许可OK,那么你可以看看X509CertificateBuilder从Mono.Security。Mono.Security是Mono的独立产品,它不需要Mono的其余部分即可运行,并且可以在任何兼容的.Net环境(例如Microsoft的实现)中使用。