小编典典

使用DI和IoC的工厂方法

我熟悉这些模式，但仍然不知道如何处理以下情况：

public class CarFactory
{
     public CarFactory(Dep1,Dep2,Dep3,Dep4,Dep5,Dep6)
     {
     }

     public ICar CreateCar(type)
     {
            switch(type)
            {
               case A:
                   return new Car1(Dep1,Dep2,Dep3);
               break;

               case B:
                   return new Car2(Dep4,Dep5,Dep6);
               break;
            }
     }
}

通常，问题在于需要注入的引用数量。如果有更多的汽车，情况将会更糟。

我想到的第一种方法是在工厂构造函数中注入Car1和Car2，但是这与工厂方法相反，因为工厂将始终返回相同的对象。第二种方法是注入servicelocator，但是它到处都是反模式。怎么解决呢？

编辑：

替代方法1：

public class CarFactory
{
     public CarFactory(IContainer container)
     {
        _container = container;
     }

     public ICar CreateCar(type)
     {
            switch(type)
            {
               case A:
                   return _container.Resolve<ICar1>();
               break;

               case B:
                     return _container.Resolve<ICar2>();
               break;
            }
     }
}

替代方法2（由于树中过多的依赖关系而很难使用）：

public class CarFactory
{
     public CarFactory()
     {
     }

     public ICar CreateCar(type)
     {
            switch(type)
            {
               case A:
                   return new Car1(new Dep1(),new Dep2(new Dep683(),new Dep684()),....)
               break;

               case B:
                    return new Car2(new Dep4(),new Dep5(new Dep777(),new Dep684()),....)
               break;
            }
     }
}

阅读 348

2020-05-19

共1个答案

小编典典

在工厂内部有一个switch case语句是一种代码味道。有趣的是，您似乎根本没有专注于解决该问题。

针对这种情况的最佳，最直接的DI解决方案是策略模式。它允许您的DI容器将依赖项注入到它们所属的工厂实例中，而不会使具有这些依赖项的其他类变得混乱，也不必诉诸服务定位器。

介面

public interface ICarFactory
{
    ICar CreateCar();
    bool AppliesTo(Type type);
}

public interface ICarStrategy
{
    ICar CreateCar(Type type);
}

工厂工厂

public class Car1Factory : ICarFactory
{
    private readonly IDep1 dep1;
    private readonly IDep2 dep2;
    private readonly IDep3 dep3;

    public Car1Factory(IDep1 dep1, IDep2 dep2, IDep3 dep3)
    {
        if (dep1 == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("dep1");
        if (dep2 == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("dep2");
        if (dep3 == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("dep3");

        this.dep1 = dep1;
        this.dep2 = dep2;
        this.dep3 = dep3;
    }

    public ICar CreateCar()
    {
        return new Car1(this.dep1, this.dep2, this.dep3);
    }

    public bool AppliesTo(Type type)
    {
        return typeof(Car1).Equals(type);
    }
}

public class Car2Factory : ICarFactory
{
    private readonly IDep4 dep4;
    private readonly IDep5 dep5;
    private readonly IDep6 dep6;

    public Car1Factory(IDep4 dep4, IDep5 dep5, IDep6 dep6)
    {
        if (dep4 == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("dep4");
        if (dep5 == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("dep5");
        if (dep6 == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("dep6");

        this.dep4 = dep4;
        this.dep5 = dep5;
        this.dep6 = dep6;
    }

    public ICar CreateCar()
    {
        return new Car2(this.dep4, this.dep5, this.dep6);
    }

    public bool AppliesTo(Type type)
    {
        return typeof(Car2).Equals(type);
    }
}

战略

public class CarStrategy : ICarStrategy
{
    private readonly ICarFactory[] carFactories;

    public CarStrategy(ICarFactory[] carFactories)
    {
        if (carFactories == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("carFactories");

        this.carFactories = carFactories;
    }

    public ICar CreateCar(Type type)
    {
        var carFactory = this.carFactories
            .FirstOrDefault(factory => factory.AppliesTo(type));

        if (carFactory == null)
        {
            throw new Exception("type not registered");
        }

        return carFactory.CreateCar();
    }
}

用法

// I am showing this in code, but you would normally 
// do this with your DI container in your composition 
// root, and the instance would be created by injecting 
// it somewhere.
var strategy = new CarStrategy(new ICarFactory[] {
    new Car1Factory(dep1, dep2, dep3),
    new Car2Factory(dep4, dep5, dep6)
    });

// And then once it is injected, you would simply do this.
// Note that you could use a magic string or some other 
// data type as the parameter if you prefer.
var car1 = strategy.CreateCar(typeof(Car1));
var car2 = strategy.CreateCar(typeof(Car2));

请注意，由于没有switch
case语句，因此可以在不更改设计的情况下将其他工厂添加到策略中，并且这些工厂中的每个工厂都可以具有自己的依赖性，这些依赖性由DI容器注入。

var strategy = new CarStrategy(new ICarFactory[] {
    new Car1Factory(dep1, dep2, dep3),
    new Car2Factory(dep4, dep5, dep6),
    new Car3Factory(dep7, dep8, dep9)
    });

var car1 = strategy.CreateCar(typeof(Car1));
var car2 = strategy.CreateCar(typeof(Car2));
var car3 = strategy.CreateCar(typeof(Car3));

2020-05-19