从Java中的[非常大]文件中读取文本的最后一行的最快,最有效的方法是什么?
以下是两个函数,一个函数返回文件的最后一个非空白行而不加载或单步浏览整个文件,另一个函数返回文件的最后N行而不单步浏览整个文件:
尾部的作用是直接缩放到文件的最后一个字符,然后逐个字符向后退一步,记录所看到的内容,直到找到换行符为止。找到换行符后,便会跳出循环。反转记录的内容,并将其放入字符串中并返回。0xA是新行,0xD是回车。
如果你的行尾是\r\n或crlf或其他“双换行符样式换行符”,那么你将必须指定n * 2行才能获得最后n行,因为每行计数2行。
\r\n
crlf
public String tail( File file ) { RandomAccessFile fileHandler = null; try { fileHandler = new RandomAccessFile( file, "r" ); long fileLength = fileHandler.length() - 1; StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); for(long filePointer = fileLength; filePointer != -1; filePointer--){ fileHandler.seek( filePointer ); int readByte = fileHandler.readByte(); if( readByte == 0xA ) { if( filePointer == fileLength ) { continue; } break; } else if( readByte == 0xD ) { if( filePointer == fileLength - 1 ) { continue; } break; } sb.append( ( char ) readByte ); } String lastLine = sb.reverse().toString(); return lastLine; } catch( java.io.FileNotFoundException e ) { e.printStackTrace(); return null; } catch( java.io.IOException e ) { e.printStackTrace(); return null; } finally { if (fileHandler != null ) try { fileHandler.close(); } catch (IOException e) { /* ignore */ } } }
但是你可能不想要最后一行,而想要最后N行,因此请改用以下代码:
public String tail2( File file, int lines) { java.io.RandomAccessFile fileHandler = null; try { fileHandler = new java.io.RandomAccessFile( file, "r" ); long fileLength = fileHandler.length() - 1; StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); int line = 0; for(long filePointer = fileLength; filePointer != -1; filePointer--){ fileHandler.seek( filePointer ); int readByte = fileHandler.readByte(); if( readByte == 0xA ) { if (filePointer < fileLength) { line = line + 1; } } else if( readByte == 0xD ) { if (filePointer < fileLength-1) { line = line + 1; } } if (line >= lines) { break; } sb.append( ( char ) readByte ); } String lastLine = sb.reverse().toString(); return lastLine; } catch( java.io.FileNotFoundException e ) { e.printStackTrace(); return null; } catch( java.io.IOException e ) { e.printStackTrace(); return null; } finally { if (fileHandler != null ) try { fileHandler.close(); } catch (IOException e) { } } }
像这样调用以上方法:
File file = new File("D:\\stuff\\huge.log"); System.out.println(tail(file)); System.out.println(tail2(file, 10));