如果最终使它起作用。（主要感谢github上的stephane-deraco）

解决方案的关键是要实现的类ApplicationContextInitializer<ConfigurableApplicationContext>。我叫它PropertyPasswordDecodingContextInitializer。

主要的问题是让弹簧来使用它ApplicationContextInitializer。重要信息可以在参考资料中找到。我使用 META-INF /
spring.factories选择 了以下内容的方法：

org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer=ch.mycompany.myproject.PropertyPasswordDecodingContextInitializer

在PropertyPasswordDecodingContextInitializer使用PropertyPasswordDecoder和实现类，目前为简单起见Base64PropertyPasswordDecoder。

PropertyPasswordDecodingContextInitializer.java

package ch.mycompany.myproject;

import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.core.env.CompositePropertySource;
import org.springframework.core.env.ConfigurableEnvironment;
import org.springframework.core.env.EnumerablePropertySource;
import org.springframework.core.env.MapPropertySource;
import org.springframework.core.env.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class PropertyPasswordDecodingContextInitializer implements ApplicationContextInitializer<ConfigurableApplicationContext> {

    private static final Pattern decodePasswordPattern = Pattern.compile("password\\((.*?)\\)");

    private PropertyPasswordDecoder passwordDecoder = new Base64PropertyPasswordDecoder();

    @Override
    public void initialize(ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext) {
        ConfigurableEnvironment environment = applicationContext.getEnvironment();
        for (PropertySource<?> propertySource : environment.getPropertySources()) {
            Map<String, Object> propertyOverrides = new LinkedHashMap<>();
            decodePasswords(propertySource, propertyOverrides);
            if (!propertyOverrides.isEmpty()) {
                PropertySource<?> decodedProperties = new MapPropertySource("decoded "+ propertySource.getName(), propertyOverrides);
                environment.getPropertySources().addBefore(propertySource.getName(), decodedProperties);
            }
        }
    }

    private void decodePasswords(PropertySource<?> source, Map<String, Object> propertyOverrides) {
        if (source instanceof EnumerablePropertySource) {
            EnumerablePropertySource<?> enumerablePropertySource = (EnumerablePropertySource<?>) source;
            for (String key : enumerablePropertySource.getPropertyNames()) {
                Object rawValue = source.getProperty(key);
                if (rawValue instanceof String) {
                    String decodedValue = decodePasswordsInString((String) rawValue);
                    propertyOverrides.put(key, decodedValue);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private String decodePasswordsInString(String input) {
        if (input == null) return null;
        StringBuffer output = new StringBuffer();
        Matcher matcher = decodePasswordPattern.matcher(input);
        while (matcher.find()) {
            String replacement = passwordDecoder.decodePassword(matcher.group(1));
            matcher.appendReplacement(output, replacement);
        }
        matcher.appendTail(output);
        return output.toString();
    }

}

PropertyPasswordDecoder.java

package ch.mycompany.myproject;

public interface PropertyPasswordDecoder {

    public String decodePassword(String encodedPassword);

}

Base64PropertyPasswordDecoder.java

package ch.mycompany.myproject;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;

public class Base64PropertyPasswordDecoder implements PropertyPasswordDecoder {

    @Override
    public String decodePassword(String encodedPassword) {
        try {
            byte[] decodedData = Base64.decodeBase64(encodedPassword);
            String decodedString = new String(decodedData, "UTF-8");
            return decodedString;
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }


}

请注意，ApplicationContext在此阶段尚未完成初始化，因此自动装配或任何其他与Bean相关的机制将无法正常工作。