我不了解Spring Boot的注释如何@Autowired正常工作。这是一个简单的示例:
@Autowired
@SpringBootApplication public class App { @Autowired public Starter starter; public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(App.class, args); } public App() { System.out.println("init App"); //starter.init(); } }
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@Repository public class Starter { public Starter() {System.out.println("init Starter");} public void init() { System.out.println("call init"); } }
执行此代码时,我得到了日志init App和init Starter,因此spring会创建此对象。但是当我从Starterin 调用init方法时App,我得到了一个NullPointerException。除了使用注释@Autowired初始化对象之外,我还需要做更多的事情吗?
init App
init Starter
Starter
App
NullPointerException
Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'app': Instantiation of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [{package}.App$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$87a7ccf]: Constructor threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.NullPointerException
当您init从class的构造函数调用该方法时App,Spring尚未将依赖项自动关联到App对象中。如果要在Spring完成App对象的创建和自动装配之后调用此方法,请添加带有@PostConstruct注释的方法来执行此操作,例如:
init
@PostConstruct
@SpringBootApplication public class App { @Autowired public Starter starter; public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(App.class, args); } public App() { System.out.println("constructor of App"); } @PostConstruct public void init() { System.out.println("Calling starter.init"); starter.init(); } }