好的，我终于解决了多宿主问题。这就是我所做的。

我使用sctp_paddrparams结构将心跳值调整为5000
ms。位于该结构中的flags变量必须处于SPP_HB_ENABLE模式下，因为否则，当尝试使用setsockopt（）设置值时，SCTP会忽略心跳值。

这就是SCTP不能像我所希望的那样频繁发送心跳的原因。我没注意到flag变量的原因是我正在阅读的SCTP的过时参考指南，该指南指出该结构内不存在flags变量！较新的参考资料显示存在。这样心跳问题就解决了！

另一件事是将rto_max值修改为例如2000毫秒左右。降低该值将指示SCTP更快地更改路径。默认值为60 000
ms，该值过高（开始更改路径前1分钟）。可以使用sctp_rtoinfo结构调整rto_max值。

通过这两个修改，多宿主开始工作。哦，另一件事。当服务器处于SEQPACKET模式时，客户端必须处于STREAM模式。客户端使用普通的send（）命令将数据发送到服务器，而服务器使用sctp_recvmsg（）读取数据，其中addr
struct设置为NULL。

我希望这些信息可以帮助其他在SCTP多宿主方面苦苦挣扎的人。欢呼大家的意见，对我来说是很大的帮助！这是一些代码示例，因此如果您问我，这可能是网络中的第一个多宿主简单示例（除了多流示例外，没有找到其他示例）

服务器：

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/sctp.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>

#define BUFFER_SIZE (1 << 16)
#define PORT 10000

int sock, ret, flags;
int i, reuse = 1;
int addr_count = 0;
char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
socklen_t from_len;

struct sockaddr_in addr;
struct sockaddr_in *laddr[10];
struct sockaddr_in *paddrs[10];
struct sctp_sndrcvinfo sinfo;
struct sctp_event_subscribe event;  
struct sctp_prim prim_addr; 
struct sctp_paddrparams heartbeat;
struct sigaction sig_handler;
struct sctp_rtoinfo rtoinfo;

void handle_signal(int signum);

int main(void)
{
    if((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_SEQPACKET, IPPROTO_SCTP)) < 0)
        perror("socket");

    memset(&addr,       0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
    memset(&event,      1, sizeof(struct sctp_event_subscribe));
    memset(&heartbeat,  0, sizeof(struct sctp_paddrparams));
    memset(&rtoinfo,    0, sizeof(struct sctp_rtoinfo));

    addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);

    from_len = (socklen_t)sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);

    sig_handler.sa_handler = handle_signal;
    sig_handler.sa_flags = 0;

    heartbeat.spp_flags = SPP_HB_ENABLE;
    heartbeat.spp_hbinterval = 5000;
    heartbeat.spp_pathmaxrxt = 1;

    rtoinfo.srto_max = 2000;

    /*Set Heartbeats*/
    if(setsockopt(sock, SOL_SCTP, SCTP_PEER_ADDR_PARAMS , &heartbeat, sizeof(heartbeat)) != 0)
        perror("setsockopt");

    /*Set rto_max*/
    if(setsockopt(sock, SOL_SCTP, SCTP_RTOINFO , &rtoinfo, sizeof(rtoinfo)) != 0)
        perror("setsockopt");

    /*Set Signal Handler*/
    if(sigaction(SIGINT, &sig_handler, NULL) == -1)
        perror("sigaction");

    /*Set Events */
    if(setsockopt(sock, IPPROTO_SCTP, SCTP_EVENTS, &event, sizeof(struct sctp_event_subscribe)) < 0)
        perror("setsockopt");

    /*Set the Reuse of Address*/
    if(setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &reuse, sizeof(int))< 0)
        perror("setsockopt");

    /*Bind the Addresses*/
    if(bind(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr)) < 0)
        perror("bind");

    if(listen(sock, 2) < 0)
        perror("listen");

    /*Get Heartbeat Value*/
    i = (sizeof heartbeat);
    getsockopt(sock, SOL_SCTP, SCTP_PEER_ADDR_PARAMS, &heartbeat, (socklen_t*)&i);
    printf("Heartbeat interval %d\n", heartbeat.spp_hbinterval);

    /*Print Locally Binded Addresses*/
    addr_count = sctp_getladdrs(sock, 0, (struct sockaddr**)laddr);
    printf("Addresses binded: %d\n", addr_count);
    for(i = 0; i < addr_count; i++)
         printf("Address %d: %s:%d\n", i +1, inet_ntoa((*laddr)[i].sin_addr), (*laddr)[i].sin_port);
    sctp_freeladdrs((struct sockaddr*)*laddr);

    while(1)
    {
        flags = 0;

        ret = sctp_recvmsg(sock, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, NULL, 0, NULL, &flags);

        if(flags & MSG_NOTIFICATION)
        printf("Notification received from %s:%u\n",  inet_ntoa(addr.sin_addr), ntohs(addr.sin_port));

        printf("%d bytes received from %s:%u\n", ret, inet_ntoa(addr.sin_addr), ntohs(addr.sin_port));      
    }

    if(close(sock) < 0)
        perror("close");
}

void handle_signal(int signum)
{
    switch(signum)
    {
        case SIGINT:
            if(close(sock) != 0)
                perror("close");
            exit(0);
            break;  
        default: exit(0);
            break;
    }
}

客户：

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/sctp.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>

#define PORT 11000
#define MSG_SIZE 1000
#define NUMBER_OF_MESSAGES 1000

int sock;
struct sockaddr_in *paddrs[5];
struct sockaddr_in *laddrs[5];

void handle_signal(int signum);

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    int i;
    int counter = 0;
    int asconf = 1;
    int ret;
    int addr_count;
    char address[16];
    char buffer[MSG_SIZE];
    sctp_assoc_t id;
    struct sockaddr_in addr;
    struct sctp_status status;
    struct sctp_initmsg initmsg;
    struct sctp_event_subscribe events;
    struct sigaction sig_handler;
    struct sctp_paddrparams heartbeat;
    struct sctp_rtoinfo rtoinfo;

    memset(&buffer,     'j', MSG_SIZE);
    memset(&initmsg,    0,   sizeof(struct sctp_initmsg));
    memset(&addr,       0,   sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
    memset(&events,     1,   sizeof(struct sctp_event_subscribe));
    memset(&status,     0,   sizeof(struct sctp_status));
    memset(&heartbeat,  0,   sizeof(struct sctp_paddrparams));
    memset(&rtoinfo,    0, sizeof(struct sctp_rtoinfo))

    if(argc != 2 || (inet_addr(argv[1]) == -1))
    {
        puts("Usage: client [IP ADDRESS in form xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx] ");        
        return 0;
    }

    strncpy(address, argv[1], 15);
    address[15] = 0;

    addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    inet_aton(address, &(addr.sin_addr));
    addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);

    initmsg.sinit_num_ostreams = 2;
    initmsg.sinit_max_instreams = 2;
    initmsg.sinit_max_attempts = 1;

    heartbeat.spp_flags = SPP_HB_ENABLE;
    heartbeat.spp_hbinterval = 5000;
    heartbeat.spp_pathmaxrxt = 1;

    rtoinfo.srto_max = 2000;

    sig_handler.sa_handler = handle_signal;
    sig_handler.sa_flags = 0;

    /*Handle SIGINT in handle_signal Function*/
    if(sigaction(SIGINT, &sig_handler, NULL) == -1)
        perror("sigaction");

    /*Create the Socket*/
    if((ret = (sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_SCTP))) < 0)
        perror("socket");

    /*Configure Heartbeats*/
    if((ret = setsockopt(sock, SOL_SCTP, SCTP_PEER_ADDR_PARAMS , &heartbeat, sizeof(heartbeat))) != 0)
        perror("setsockopt");

    /*Set rto_max*/
    if((ret = setsockopt(sock, SOL_SCTP, SCTP_RTOINFO , &rtoinfo, sizeof(rtoinfo))) != 0)
        perror("setsockopt");

    /*Set SCTP Init Message*/
    if((ret = setsockopt(sock, SOL_SCTP, SCTP_INITMSG, &initmsg, sizeof(initmsg))) != 0)
        perror("setsockopt");

    /*Enable SCTP Events*/
    if((ret = setsockopt(sock, SOL_SCTP, SCTP_EVENTS, (void *)&events, sizeof(events))) != 0)
        perror("setsockopt");

    /*Get And Print Heartbeat Interval*/
    i = (sizeof heartbeat);
    getsockopt(sock, SOL_SCTP, SCTP_PEER_ADDR_PARAMS, &heartbeat, (socklen_t*)&i);

    printf("Heartbeat interval %d\n", heartbeat.spp_hbinterval);

    /*Connect to Host*/
    if(((ret = connect(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr)))) < 0)
    {
        perror("connect");
        close(sock);
        exit(0);
    }

    /*Get Peer Addresses*/
    addr_count = sctp_getpaddrs(sock, 0, (struct sockaddr**)paddrs);
    printf("\nPeer addresses: %d\n", addr_count);

    /*Print Out Addresses*/
    for(i = 0; i < addr_count; i++)
        printf("Address %d: %s:%d\n", i +1, inet_ntoa((*paddrs)[i].sin_addr), (*paddrs)[i].sin_port);

    sctp_freepaddrs((struct sockaddr*)*paddrs);

    /*Start to Send Data*/
    for(i = 0; i < NUMBER_OF_MESSAGES; i++)
    {
        counter++;
        printf("Sending data chunk #%d...", counter);

        if((ret = send(sock, buffer, MSG_SIZE, 0)) == -1)
            perror("write");

        printf("Sent %d bytes to peer\n",ret);

        sleep(1);
    }

    if(close(sock) != 0)
        perror("close");
}


void handle_signal(int signum)
{
    switch(signum)
    {
        case SIGINT:
            if(close(sock) != 0)
                perror("close");
            exit(0);
            break;  
        default: exit(0);
            break;
    }
}