我可以为以下代码编写的最 详尽的 测试是什么?
public void deleteFromPerson(person person) { person = personRepository.returnPerson(person.getId()); personRepository.delete(person); }
此方法在a service类内。该方法调用JpaRepository,然后delete()在实体上调用其方法。
a service
delete()
如果无法测试是否要删除实体,是否可以在该方法上运行 其他 任何功能tests cases?
tests cases
有两种测试策略。一种是单元测试,即确保您的服务正常运行。另一个是集成/端到端测试,即确保所有功能都能很好地协同工作。
您对自己拥有的东西进行单元测试,对所有内容进行集成测试。这是一个非常粗糙的示例,仅使用您的语句,加上一些我不能填补空白的虚构内容。
单元测试
使用Mockito
PersonRepository personRepository = mock(PersonRepository.class); @TestSubject PersonService personService = new PersonService(): @Test public void unitTest() { personService.setPersonRepository(personRepository); Person person = new Person(1L); Person person2 = new Person(1L); when(personRepository.returnPerson(1L)).thenReturn(person2); //expect a fetch, return a "fetched" person; personService.deleteFromPerson(person); verify(personRepository, times(1)).delete(person2); //pretty sure it is verify after call }
使用EasyMock …
@Mock PersonRepository personRepository; //assuming it is autowired @TestSubject PersonService personService = new PersonService(): @Test public void unitTest() { Person person = new Person(1L); Person person2 = new Person(1L); EasyMock.expect(personRepository.returnPerson(1L)).andReturn(person2); //expect a fetch, return a "fetched" person; personRepository.delete(person2); EasyMock.expectLastCall(); //expect a delete for person2 we plan to delete replayAll(); personService.deleteFromPerson(person); verifyAll(); //make sure everything was called }
是的,该测试看起来像是严格地编写的,但是无论如何,这实际上就是您正在单元测试中测试的全部内容。您希望数据库使用一个参数从数据库中获取一个Person,因此为什么会有两个Person对象,并且您希望删除该传递的Person对象,这就是您希望调用的原因。简单的方法产生简单的测试。基本上,您要确保与期望的存储库进行交互。在实际的实现中,存储库可能被破坏或为空,但这并不能改变您的服务实现正确的事实。
Person
整合测试
另一方面,如果要进行集成测试,则不使用任何模拟。相反,您需要连接所有内容,例如 测试数据库 和存储库。由于没有实现参考,我将由您自己决定。
@Test public void integrationTestForAddAndDelete() { Person person = createDummyPersonForInsertion(); //static method that creates a test Person for you Person comparePerson; //make sure we haven't added the person yet Assert.assertNull(personService.getPerson(person)); //add the Person comparePerson = personService.addPerson(person); Assert.assertNotNull(personService.getPerson(person)); //add a rigorous compare method to make sure contents are the same, i.e. nothing is lost or transmuted incorrectly, ignoring ID if that is autogen //alternatively, you can create a unit test just for Person Assert.assertEquals(person, comparePerson); //remove the Person personService.deleteFromPerson(person); Assert.assertNull(personService.getPerson(person)); //test for exception handling when you try to remove a non-existent person; personService.deleteFromPerson(person); //test for exception handling when you try to remove null personService.deleteFromPerson(null); }
在这种情况下,您要确保您的仓库确实处理了该服务的所有呼叫。您知道您的服务可以通过单元测试运行,但是仓库可以通过该服务运行,或者您是否配置了错误的东西