小编典典

使用SpringBoot和Hibernate与复合pks建立双向@OneToMany关系

hibernate

我的应用程序中已有一个父子关系,但由于我们在父子的主键中都添加了“类型”列,因此该关系最近变得更加复杂。在此之后,添加,阅读和修改儿童效果很好,但是删除它们很痛苦。

使用Vlad Mihalcea在本文中针对@OneToMany关系给出的建议以及组合键上的各种示例,我尝试了一种类似于以下模型的实现。但是,删除孩子仍然无法正常工作,现在我得到了一个奇怪的错误消息作为奖励。

我正在使用Spring Boot 1.4.1和Hibernate 5.1.9.Final。

案子

父实体具有一个@EmbeddedId
ParentPK,其中包含两个字段以及一个children集合,该集合具有Cascade.ALLorphanRemoval设置为true。

parent

@Entity
@Table(name = "z_parent")
public class Parent {

    @EmbeddedId
    private ParentPK pk;

    @OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER, cascade = CascadeType.ALL, orphanRemoval = true)
    @JoinColumns({
            @JoinColumn(name = "parent_code", referencedColumnName = "code"),
            @JoinColumn(name = "parent_type", referencedColumnName = "type")
    })
    List<Child> children = new ArrayList<>();

    public Parent() {
    }

    public Parent(String code, String type) {
        this.pk = new ParentPK(code, type);
    }

    public void addChild(Child child){
        child.setParent(this);
        children.add(child);
    }

    public void removeChild(Child child){
        child.setParent(null);
        children.remove(child);
    }

    //getters and setters, including delegate getters and setters


    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (!(o instanceof Parent)) return false;

        Parent parent = (Parent) o;

        return pk.equals(parent.pk);
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return pk.hashCode();
    }

}

ParentPK

@Embeddable
public class ParentPK implements Serializable {

    @Column(name = "code")
    private String code;
    @Column(name = "type")
    private String type;

    public ParentPK() {
    }

    public ParentPK(String code, String type) {
        this.code = code;
        this.type = type;
    }

    //getters and setters

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (!(o instanceof ParentPK)) return false;

        ParentPK parentPK = (ParentPK) o;

        if (!getCode().equals(parentPK.getCode())) return false;
        return getType().equals(parentPK.getType());
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        int result = getCode().hashCode();
        result = 31 * result + getType().hashCode();
        return result;
    }
}

Child实体有它自己的code识别符,其与两个字符串标识父一起形成另一复合主键。与父级的关系是双向的,因此子级也有一个parent用@ManyToOne注释的字段。

child

@Entity
@Table(name = "z_child")
public class Child {

    @EmbeddedId
    private ChildPk pk = new ChildPk();

    //The two columns of the foreign key are also part of the primary key
    @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
    @JoinColumns({
            @JoinColumn(name = "parent_code", referencedColumnName = "code", insertable = false, updatable = false),
            @JoinColumn(name = "parent_type", referencedColumnName = "type", insertable = false, updatable = false)
    })
    private Parent parent;

    public Child() {
    }

    public Child(String code, String parentCode, String parentType) {
        this.pk = new ChildPk(code, parentCode, parentType);
    }

    //getters and setters, including delegate getters and setters

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (!(o instanceof Child)) return false;

        Child child = (Child) o;

        return pk.equals(child.pk);
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return pk.hashCode();
    }    
}

ChildPk

@Embeddable
class ChildPk implements Serializable {

    @Column(name = "code")
    private String code;
    @Column(name = "parent_code")
    private String parentCode;
    @Column(name = "parent_type")
    private String parentType;

    public ChildPk() {
    }

    public ChildPk(String code, String parentCode, String parentType) {
        this.code = code;
        this.parentCode = parentCode;
        this.parentType = parentType;
    }

    //getters and setters

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (!(o instanceof ChildPk)) return false;

        ChildPk childPk = (ChildPk) o;

        if (!getCode().equals(childPk.getCode())) return false;
        if (!getParentCode().equals(childPk.getParentCode())) return false;
        return getParentType().equals(childPk.getParentType());
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        int result = getCode().hashCode();
        result = 31 * result + getParentCode().hashCode();
        result = 31 * result + getParentType().hashCode();
        return result;
    }
}

自从我使用Spring以来,我为Parent声明了一个简单的CRUD存储库:

@Repository
public interface ParentRepository extends JpaRepository<Parent, ParentPK> {
}

问题

假设我已经有一个在数据库中有两个孩子的Parent:

z_Parent

“代码”,“类型”

“父母”,“收养”

z_child

“代码”,“父母代码”,“父母类型”

“ Child1”,“父母”,“收养”

“ Child2”,“父母”,“收养”

,并且我必须保留父版本的更新版本,其中仅包含第一个孩子:

public Parent mapFromUpperLayer(){
    Parent updatedParent =new Parent("Parent", "Adoptive");

    List<Child> children = new ArrayList<>();

    Child child1 = new Child("Child1", updatedParent);
    child1.setParent(updatedParent);
    children.add(child1);

    updatedParent.setChildren(children);

    return updatedParent;
}

如果我只保存一个孩子的实体:

@Autowired
private ParentRepository parentRepository;

@Test
@Commit
public void saveUpdate(){
    Parent updatedParent = mapFromUpperLayer();
    parentRepository.save(updatedParent);
}

那么我得到以下结果(我已经清除了一点日志):

Hibernate: select parent0_.code as code1_50_1_, parent0_.type as type2_50_1_, children1_.parent_code as parent_c2_49_3_, children1_.parent_type as parent_t3_49_3_, children1_.code as code1_49_3_, children1_.code as code1_49_0_, children1_.parent_code as parent_c2_49_0_, children1_.parent_type as parent_t3_49_0_ from z_parent parent0_ left outer join z_child children1_ on parent0_.code=children1_.parent_code and parent0_.type=children1_.parent_type where parent0_.code=? and parent0_.type=?
TRACE 12412 ---  : binding parameter [1] as [VARCHAR] - [Parent]
TRACE 12412 ---  : binding parameter [2] as [VARCHAR] - [Adoptive]

Hibernate: update z_child set parent_code=null, parent_type=null 
           where parent_code=? and parent_type=? and code=?
TRACE 12412 ---  : binding parameter [1] as [VARCHAR] - [Parent]
TRACE 12412 ---  : binding parameter [2] as [VARCHAR] - [Adoptive]
TRACE 12412 ---  : binding parameter [3] as [VARCHAR] - [Child2]
TRACE 12412 ---  : binding parameter [4] as [VARCHAR] - [Parent]
 INFO 12412 ---  : HHH000010: On release of batch it still contained JDBC statements
 WARN 12412 ---  : SQL Error: 0, SQLState: 22023
ERROR 12412 ---  : L'indice de la colonne est hors limite : 4, nombre de colonnes : 3.

这里有两个问题。Hibernate正确标识要从父级中删除 Child2的原因
是生成更新而不是删除查询。为了避免这种情况,我完全使用了双向关系,但是似乎我还不完全了解它是如何工作的。而且,当然,它生成的更新包含三列的四个参数(“父”出现两次),这很奇怪。

我已经尝试过的

首先,我从数据库中检索了该实体,删除了它的两个孩子,并将其父对象设置为 null
removeChild方法),并添加了新列表,同时还要注意每次将父对象设置为要保存的实例时(addChild方法)。

@Test
@Commit
public void saveUpdate2(){
    Parent updatedParent = mapFromUpperLayer();

    Parent persistedParent = parentRepository.findOne(new ParentPK(updatedParent.getCode(), updatedParent.getType()));

    //remove all the children and add the new collection, both one by one
    (new ArrayList<>(persistedParent.getChildren()))
            .forEach(child -> persistedParent.removeChild(child));

    updatedParent.getChildren().forEach(child -> persistedParent.addChild(child));

    parentRepository.save(persistedParent);
}

其次,我尝试了这个问题的解决方案,也就是直接在ChildPK内部声明了@ManyToOne关系的一部分:

@Embeddable
class ChildPk implements Serializable {

    @Column(name = "code")
    private String code;

    @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
    @JoinColumns({
            @JoinColumn(name = "parent_code", referencedColumnName = "code"),
            @JoinColumn(name = "parent_type", referencedColumnName = "type")
    })
    private Parent parent;

    public ChildPk() {
    }

    public ChildPk(String code, Parent parent) {
        this.code = code;
        this.parent = parent;
    }
    ....

在两种情况下,我都会得到相同的生成查询和相同的错误。

问题

  1. 如何构造我的父子关系,以便在保存新版本的父级时Hibernate能够删除已删除的子级?理想情况下,我不想过多地更改数据库的结构-例如,连接表的实现将非常耗时。

  2. 不太重要但很有趣:为什么Hibernate试图绑定四个参数“ [Parent],[Adoptive],[Child2],[Parent]”以在更新查询中标识Child2?

感谢您的耐心等待!


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2020-06-20

共1个答案

小编典典

注释Parent.children是问题的根源。添加mappedBy@JoinColumns在父侧删除。

正确的设置方式:

@OneToMany(mappedBy = "parent", fetch = FetchType.EAGER, cascade = 
CascadeType.ALL, orphanRemoval = true)
List<Child> children = new ArrayList<>();

我相信为删除而生成的查询是理想的结果。

Hibernate: delete from z_child where code=? and parent_code=? and parent_type=?

此外,removeChild可以简化-无需将child的父级设置为null-无论如何都会处理。这不会影响生成的查询。

 public void removeChild(Child child){
    // child.setParent(null); No need to do that
    children.remove(child);
}
2020-06-20