小编典典

实现简单的Trie以进行有效的Levenshtein距离计算-Java

algorithm

更新3

做完了 下面是最终通过我所有测试的代码。同样,这是根据Murilo Vasconcelo的Steve Hanov算法的修改版本进行建模的。感谢所有的帮助!

/**
 * Computes the minimum Levenshtein Distance between the given word (represented as an array of Characters) and the
 * words stored in theTrie. This algorithm is modeled after Steve Hanov's blog article "Fast and Easy Levenshtein
 * distance using a Trie" and Murilo Vasconcelo's revised version in C++.
 * 
 * http://stevehanov.ca/blog/index.php?id=114
 * http://murilo.wordpress.com/2011/02/01/fast-and-easy-levenshtein-distance-using-a-trie-in-c/
 * 
 * @param ArrayList<Character> word - the characters of an input word as an array representation
 * @return int - the minimum Levenshtein Distance
 */
private int computeMinimumLevenshteinDistance(ArrayList<Character> word) {

    theTrie.minLevDist = Integer.MAX_VALUE;

    int iWordLength = word.size();
    int[] currentRow = new int[iWordLength + 1];

    for (int i = 0; i <= iWordLength; i++) {
        currentRow[i] = i;
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < iWordLength; i++) {
        traverseTrie(theTrie.root, word.get(i), word, currentRow);
    }
    return theTrie.minLevDist;
}

/**
 * Recursive helper function. Traverses theTrie in search of the minimum Levenshtein Distance.
 * 
 * @param TrieNode node - the current TrieNode
 * @param char letter - the current character of the current word we're working with
 * @param ArrayList<Character> word - an array representation of the current word
 * @param int[] previousRow - a row in the Levenshtein Distance matrix
 */
private void traverseTrie(TrieNode node, char letter, ArrayList<Character> word, int[] previousRow) {

    int size = previousRow.length;
    int[] currentRow = new int[size];
    currentRow[0] = previousRow[0] + 1;

    int minimumElement = currentRow[0];
    int insertCost, deleteCost, replaceCost;

    for (int i = 1; i < size; i++) {

        insertCost = currentRow[i - 1] + 1;
        deleteCost = previousRow[i] + 1;

        if (word.get(i - 1) == letter) {
            replaceCost = previousRow[i - 1];
        } else {
            replaceCost = previousRow[i - 1] + 1;
        }

        currentRow[i] = minimum(insertCost, deleteCost, replaceCost);

        if (currentRow[i] < minimumElement) {
            minimumElement = currentRow[i];
        }
    }

    if (currentRow[size - 1] < theTrie.minLevDist && node.isWord) {
        theTrie.minLevDist = currentRow[size - 1];
    }

    if (minimumElement < theTrie.minLevDist) {

        for (Character c : node.children.keySet()) {
            traverseTrie(node.children.get(c), c, word, currentRow);
        }
    }
}

更新2

最后,我设法使它适用于大多数测试用例。我的实现实际上是Murilo C
++版本
Steve
Hanov算法
的直接翻译。那么我应该如何重构该算法和/或进行优化?下面是代码…

public int search(String word) {

    theTrie.minLevDist = Integer.MAX_VALUE;

    int size = word.length();
    int[] currentRow = new int[size + 1];

    for (int i = 0; i <= size; i++) {
        currentRow[i] = i;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        char c = word.charAt(i);
        if (theTrie.root.children.containsKey(c)) {
            searchRec(theTrie.root.children.get(c), c, word, currentRow);
        }
    }
    return theTrie.minLevDist;
}
private void searchRec(TrieNode node, char letter, String word, int[] previousRow) {

    int size = previousRow.length;
    int[] currentRow = new int[size];
    currentRow[0] = previousRow[0] + 1;

    int insertCost, deleteCost, replaceCost;

    for (int i = 1; i < size; i++) {

        insertCost = currentRow[i - 1] + 1;
        deleteCost = previousRow[i] + 1;

        if (word.charAt(i - 1) == letter) {
            replaceCost = previousRow[i - 1];
        } else {
            replaceCost = previousRow[i - 1] + 1;
        }
        currentRow[i] = minimum(insertCost, deleteCost, replaceCost);
    }

    if (currentRow[size - 1] < theTrie.minLevDist && node.isWord) {
        theTrie.minLevDist = currentRow[size - 1];
    }

    if (minElement(currentRow) < theTrie.minLevDist) {

        for (Character c : node.children.keySet()) {
            searchRec(node.children.get(c), c, word, currentRow);

        }
    }
}

谢谢所有对此问题做出贡献的人。我试图使Levenshtein自动机工作,但我无法实现。

因此,我正在寻找有关上述代码的重构和/或优化的建议。请让我知道是否有任何混淆。与往常一样,我可以根据需要提供其余的源代码。


更新1

因此,我实现了一个简单的Trie数据结构,并且一直在尝试遵循Steve
Hanov的python教程来计算Levenshtein距离。实际上,我对计算给定单词和Trie中单词之间的 最小
Levenshtein距离感兴趣,因此我一直在遵循Murilo Vasconcelos的Steve
Hanov算法版本
。效果不是很好,但这是我的Trie课:

public class Trie {

    public TrieNode root;
    public int minLevDist;

    public Trie() {
        this.root = new TrieNode(' ');
    }

    public void insert(String word) {

        int length = word.length();
        TrieNode current = this.root;

        if (length == 0) {
            current.isWord = true;
        }
        for (int index = 0; index < length; index++) {

            char letter = word.charAt(index);
            TrieNode child = current.getChild(letter);

            if (child != null) {
                current = child;
            } else {
                current.children.put(letter, new TrieNode(letter));
                current = current.getChild(letter);
            }
            if (index == length - 1) {
                current.isWord = true;
            }
        }
    }
}

…和TrieNode类:

public class TrieNode {

    public final int ALPHABET = 26;

    public char letter;
    public boolean isWord;
    public Map<Character, TrieNode> children;

    public TrieNode(char letter) {
        this.isWord = false;
        this.letter = letter;
        children = new HashMap<Character, TrieNode>(ALPHABET);
    }

    public TrieNode getChild(char letter) {

        if (children != null) {
            if (children.containsKey(letter)) {
                return children.get(letter); 
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}

现在,我尝试按照Murilo Vasconcelos的要求实施搜索,但是出现了问题,我需要一些调试调试帮助。请提供有关如何重构和/或指出错误在哪里的建议。我要重构的第一件事是全局变量“
minCost”,但这是最小的事情。无论如何,这是代码…

public void search(String word) {

    int size = word.length();
    int[] currentRow = new int[size + 1];

    for (int i = 0; i <= size; i++) {
        currentRow[i] = i;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
        char c = word.charAt(i);
        if (theTrie.root.children.containsKey(c)) {
            searchRec(theTrie.root.children.get(c), c, word, currentRow);
        }
    }
}

private void searchRec(TrieNode node, char letter, String word, int[] previousRow) {

    int size = previousRow.length;
    int[] currentRow = new int[size];
    currentRow[0] = previousRow[0] + 1;

    int replace, insertCost, deleteCost;

    for (int i = 1; i < size; i++) {

        char c = word.charAt(i - 1);

        insertCost = currentRow[i - 1] + 1;
        deleteCost = previousRow[i] + 1;
        replace = (c == letter) ? previousRow[i - 1] : (previousRow[i - 1] + 1);

        currentRow[i] = minimum(insertCost, deleteCost, replace);
    }

    if (currentRow[size - 1] < minCost && !node.isWord) {
        minCost = currentRow[size - 1];
    }
    Integer minElement = minElement(currentRow);
    if (minElement < minCost) {

        for (Map.Entry<Character, TrieNode> entry : node.children.entrySet()) {
            searchRec(node, entry.getKey(), word, currentRow);
        }
    }
}

对于缺乏评论,我深表歉意。那我在做什么错?

初始开机自检

我一直在阅读一篇文章,使用Trie快速而轻松地实现Levenshtein距离,以期找出一种有效的方法来计算两个字符串之间的Levenshtein距离。我的主要目标是在给定大量单词的情况下,能够找到输入单词与这组单词之间的最小Levenshtein距离。

在我的琐碎实现中,我为每个输入单词计算输入单词和单词集之间的Levenshtein距离,并返回最小值。它可以工作,但是效率不高…

我一直在寻找Java中Trie的实现,并且遇到了两个看似不错的资源:

但是,对于我想做的事情,这些实现似乎太复杂了。当我通读它们以了解它们如何工作以及Trie数据结构通常如何工作时,我变得更加困惑。

那么我将如何在Java中实现简单的Trie数据结构?我的直觉告诉我,每个TrieNode应该存储它表示的String,并且还应引用字母,而不一定是所有字母。我的直觉正确吗?

一旦实现,下一个任务是计算Levenshtein距离。我通读了上一篇文章中的Python代码示例,但是我不会说Python,一旦执行递归搜索,我的Java实现就会用完Heap内存。那么如何使用Trie数据结构计算Levenshtein距离?我有一个简单的实现,模仿了此源代码,但是它不使用Trie …效率低下。

除了您的评论和建议之外,还可以看到一些代码,这真是太好了。毕竟,这对我来说是一个学习过程……我从未实现过Trie……所以我有很多可以借鉴的经验。

谢谢。

ps我可以根据需要提供任何源代码。另外,我已经按照Nick
Johnson博客中的
建议通读并尝试使用BK-Tree ,但是它的效率不如我想的那样……或者我的实现是错误的。


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2020-07-28

共1个答案

小编典典

我已经在C 中实现了“使用Trie的快速而简单的Levenshtein距离”一文中描述的算法,它的速度非常快。如果您愿意(比Python更好地理解C
),我可以将代码放在某个地方。

编辑: 我在博客上发布了它。

2020-07-28