Python ctypes.wintypes 模块，LPWSTR 实例源码

def __init__(self, console_handle, fileno, stream_name, encoding):
    super(WinUnicodeConsoleOutput, self).__init__(
        fileno, '<Unicode console %s>' % stream_name, encoding)
    # Handle to use for WriteConsoleW
    self._console_handle = console_handle

    # Loads the necessary function.
    # These types are available on linux but not Mac.
    # pylint: disable=no-name-in-module,F0401
    from ctypes import byref, GetLastError, POINTER, windll, WINFUNCTYPE
    from ctypes.wintypes import BOOL, DWORD, HANDLE, LPWSTR
    from ctypes.wintypes import LPVOID  # pylint: disable=no-name-in-module

    self._DWORD = DWORD
    self._byref = byref

    # <http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms687401.aspx>
    self._WriteConsoleW = WINFUNCTYPE(
        BOOL, HANDLE, LPWSTR, DWORD, POINTER(DWORD), LPVOID)(
            ('WriteConsoleW', windll.kernel32))
    self._GetLastError = GetLastError

def win32_unicode_argv():
    from ctypes import POINTER, byref, cdll, c_int, windll
    from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR, LPWSTR

    GetCommandLineW = cdll.kernel32.GetCommandLineW
    GetCommandLineW.argtypes = []
    GetCommandLineW.restype = LPCWSTR

    CommandLineToArgvW = windll.shell32.CommandLineToArgvW
    CommandLineToArgvW.argtypes = [LPCWSTR, POINTER(c_int)]
    CommandLineToArgvW.restype = POINTER(LPWSTR)

    cmd = GetCommandLineW()
    argc = c_int(0)
    argv = CommandLineToArgvW(cmd, byref(argc))
    if argc.value > 0:
      # Remove Python executable and commands if present
      argc_value = int(argc.value)
      sys.argv = argv[argc_value-len(sys.argv):argc_value]

# Run from command line

def load_name(self, offset):
        """
        Load a timezone name from a DLL offset (integer).

        >>> from dateutil.tzwin import tzres
        >>> tzr = tzres()
        >>> print(tzr.load_name(112))
        'Eastern Standard Time'

        :param offset:
            A positive integer value referring to a string from the tzres dll.

        ..note:
            Offsets found in the registry are generally of the form
            `@tzres.dll,-114`. The offset in this case if 114, not -114.

        """
        resource = self.p_wchar()
        lpBuffer = ctypes.cast(ctypes.byref(resource), wintypes.LPWSTR)
        nchar = self.LoadStringW(self._tzres._handle, offset, lpBuffer, 0)
        return resource[:nchar]

def load_name(self, offset):
        """
        Load a timezone name from a DLL offset (integer).

        >>> from dateutil.tzwin import tzres
        >>> tzr = tzres()
        >>> print(tzr.load_name(112))
        'Eastern Standard Time'

        :param offset:
            A positive integer value referring to a string from the tzres dll.

        ..note:
            Offsets found in the registry are generally of the form
            `@tzres.dll,-114`. The offset in this case if 114, not -114.

        """
        resource = self.p_wchar()
        lpBuffer = ctypes.cast(ctypes.byref(resource), wintypes.LPWSTR)
        nchar = self.LoadStringW(self._tzres._handle, offset, lpBuffer, 0)
        return resource[:nchar]

def load_name(self, offset):
        """
        Load a timezone name from a DLL offset (integer).

        >>> from dateutil.tzwin import tzres
        >>> tzr = tzres()
        >>> print(tzr.load_name(112))
        'Eastern Standard Time'

        :param offset:
            A positive integer value referring to a string from the tzres dll.

        ..note:
            Offsets found in the registry are generally of the form
            `@tzres.dll,-114`. The offset in this case if 114, not -114.

        """
        resource = self.p_wchar()
        lpBuffer = ctypes.cast(ctypes.byref(resource), wintypes.LPWSTR)
        nchar = self.LoadStringW(self._tzres._handle, offset, lpBuffer, 0)
        return resource[:nchar]

def load_name(self, offset):
        """
        Load a timezone name from a DLL offset (integer).

        >>> from dateutil.tzwin import tzres
        >>> tzr = tzres()
        >>> print(tzr.load_name(112))
        'Eastern Standard Time'

        :param offset:
            A positive integer value referring to a string from the tzres dll.

        ..note:
            Offsets found in the registry are generally of the form
            `@tzres.dll,-114`. The offset in this case if 114, not -114.

        """
        resource = self.p_wchar()
        lpBuffer = ctypes.cast(ctypes.byref(resource), wintypes.LPWSTR)
        nchar = self.LoadStringW(self._tzres._handle, offset, lpBuffer, 0)
        return resource[:nchar]

def load_name(self, offset):
        """
        Load a timezone name from a DLL offset (integer).

        >>> from dateutil.tzwin import tzres
        >>> tzr = tzres()
        >>> print(tzr.load_name(112))
        'Eastern Standard Time'

        :param offset:
            A positive integer value referring to a string from the tzres dll.

        ..note:
            Offsets found in the registry are generally of the form
            `@tzres.dll,-114`. The offset in this case if 114, not -114.

        """
        resource = self.p_wchar()
        lpBuffer = ctypes.cast(ctypes.byref(resource), wintypes.LPWSTR)
        nchar = self.LoadStringW(self._tzres._handle, offset, lpBuffer, 0)
        return resource[:nchar]

def load_name(self, offset):
        """
        Load a timezone name from a DLL offset (integer).

        >>> from dateutil.tzwin import tzres
        >>> tzr = tzres()
        >>> print(tzr.load_name(112))
        'Eastern Standard Time'

        :param offset:
            A positive integer value referring to a string from the tzres dll.

        ..note:
            Offsets found in the registry are generally of the form
            `@tzres.dll,-114`. The offset in this case if 114, not -114.

        """
        resource = self.p_wchar()
        lpBuffer = ctypes.cast(ctypes.byref(resource), wintypes.LPWSTR)
        nchar = self.LoadStringW(self._tzres._handle, offset, lpBuffer, 0)
        return resource[:nchar]

def load_name(self, offset):
        """
        Load a timezone name from a DLL offset (integer).

        >>> from dateutil.tzwin import tzres
        >>> tzr = tzres()
        >>> print(tzr.load_name(112))
        'Eastern Standard Time'

        :param offset:
            A positive integer value referring to a string from the tzres dll.

        ..note:
            Offsets found in the registry are generally of the form
            `@tzres.dll,-114`. The offset in this case if 114, not -114.

        """
        resource = self.p_wchar()
        lpBuffer = ctypes.cast(ctypes.byref(resource), wintypes.LPWSTR)
        nchar = self.LoadStringW(self._tzres._handle, offset, lpBuffer, 0)
        return resource[:nchar]

def load_name(self, offset):
        """
        Load a timezone name from a DLL offset (integer).

        >>> from dateutil.tzwin import tzres
        >>> tzr = tzres()
        >>> print(tzr.load_name(112))
        'Eastern Standard Time'

        :param offset:
            A positive integer value referring to a string from the tzres dll.

        ..note:
            Offsets found in the registry are generally of the form
            `@tzres.dll,-114`. The offset in this case if 114, not -114.

        """
        resource = self.p_wchar()
        lpBuffer = ctypes.cast(ctypes.byref(resource), wintypes.LPWSTR)
        nchar = self.LoadStringW(self._tzres._handle, offset, lpBuffer, 0)
        return resource[:nchar]

def check_aslr():
    # first check for a potentially rebased user32.dll
    from ctypes import windll
    from ctypes import wintypes
    check_dlls = ["user32.dll", "kernel32.dll", "ntdll.dll"]
    offsets = []
    is_aslr = False
    windll.kernel32.GetModuleHandleW.restype = wintypes.HMODULE
    windll.kernel32.GetModuleHandleW.argtypes = [wintypes.LPCWSTR]
    windll.kernel32.GetModuleFileNameW.restype = wintypes.DWORD
    windll.kernel32.GetModuleFileNameW.argtypes = [wintypes.HANDLE, wintypes.LPWSTR, wintypes.DWORD]
    for dll_name in check_dlls:
        h_module_base = windll.kernel32.GetModuleHandleW(dll_name)
        # next get the module's file path
        module_path = wintypes.create_unicode_buffer(255)
        windll.kernel32.GetModuleFileNameW(h_module_base, module_path, 255)
        # then the ImageBase from python.exe file
        pe = pefile.PE(module_path.value)
        pe_header_base_addr = pe.OPTIONAL_HEADER.ImageBase
        offsets.append(pe_header_base_addr - h_module_base)
    for dll_name, offset in zip(check_dlls, offsets):
        LOG.debug("Memory vs. File ImageBase offset (%s): 0x%x", dll_name, offset)
        is_aslr |= offset != 0
    return is_aslr

def getShortWindowsPath(long_name):
    """
    Gets the short path name of a given long path.
    http://stackoverflow.com/a/23598461/200291
    """
    import ctypes
    from ctypes import wintypes
    _GetShortPathNameW = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetShortPathNameW
    _GetShortPathNameW.argtypes = [wintypes.LPCWSTR, wintypes.LPWSTR, wintypes.DWORD]
    _GetShortPathNameW.restype = wintypes.DWORD

    output_buf_size = 0
    while True:
        output_buf = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(output_buf_size)
        needed = _GetShortPathNameW(long_name, output_buf, output_buf_size)
        if output_buf_size >= needed:
            return output_buf.value
        else:
            output_buf_size = needed

def __init__(self, console_handle, fileno, stream_name, encoding):
    super(WinUnicodeConsoleOutput, self).__init__(
        fileno, '<Unicode console %s>' % stream_name, encoding)
    # Handle to use for WriteConsoleW
    self._console_handle = console_handle

    # Loads the necessary function.
    # These types are available on linux but not Mac.
    # pylint: disable=no-name-in-module,F0401
    from ctypes import byref, GetLastError, POINTER, windll, WINFUNCTYPE
    from ctypes.wintypes import BOOL, DWORD, HANDLE, LPWSTR
    from ctypes.wintypes import LPVOID  # pylint: disable=no-name-in-module

    self._DWORD = DWORD
    self._byref = byref

    # <http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms687401.aspx>
    self._WriteConsoleW = WINFUNCTYPE(
        BOOL, HANDLE, LPWSTR, DWORD, POINTER(DWORD), LPVOID)(
            ('WriteConsoleW', windll.kernel32))
    self._GetLastError = GetLastError

def load_name(self, offset):
        """
        Load a timezone name from a DLL offset (integer).

        >>> from dateutil.tzwin import tzres
        >>> tzr = tzres()
        >>> print(tzr.load_name(112))
        'Eastern Standard Time'

        :param offset:
            A positive integer value referring to a string from the tzres dll.

        ..note:
            Offsets found in the registry are generally of the form
            `@tzres.dll,-114`. The offset in this case if 114, not -114.

        """
        resource = self.p_wchar()
        lpBuffer = ctypes.cast(ctypes.byref(resource), wintypes.LPWSTR)
        nchar = self.LoadStringW(self._tzres._handle, offset, lpBuffer, 0)
        return resource[:nchar]

def load_name(self, offset):
        """
        Load a timezone name from a DLL offset (integer).

        >>> from dateutil.tzwin import tzres
        >>> tzr = tzres()
        >>> print(tzr.load_name(112))
        'Eastern Standard Time'

        :param offset:
            A positive integer value referring to a string from the tzres dll.

        ..note:
            Offsets found in the registry are generally of the form
            `@tzres.dll,-114`. The offset in this case if 114, not -114.

        """
        resource = self.p_wchar()
        lpBuffer = ctypes.cast(ctypes.byref(resource), wintypes.LPWSTR)
        nchar = self.LoadStringW(self._tzres._handle, offset, lpBuffer, 0)
        return resource[:nchar]

def load_name(self, offset):
        """
        Load a timezone name from a DLL offset (integer).

        >>> from dateutil.tzwin import tzres
        >>> tzr = tzres()
        >>> print(tzr.load_name(112))
        'Eastern Standard Time'

        :param offset:
            A positive integer value referring to a string from the tzres dll.

        ..note:
            Offsets found in the registry are generally of the form
            `@tzres.dll,-114`. The offset in this case if 114, not -114.

        """
        resource = self.p_wchar()
        lpBuffer = ctypes.cast(ctypes.byref(resource), wintypes.LPWSTR)
        nchar = self.LoadStringW(self._tzres._handle, offset, lpBuffer, 0)
        return resource[:nchar]

def __init__(self, console_handle, fileno, stream_name, encoding):
    super(WinUnicodeConsoleOutput, self).__init__(
        fileno, '<Unicode console %s>' % stream_name, encoding)
    # Handle to use for WriteConsoleW
    self._console_handle = console_handle

    # Loads the necessary function.
    # These types are available on linux but not Mac.
    # pylint: disable=no-name-in-module,F0401
    from ctypes import byref, GetLastError, POINTER, windll, WINFUNCTYPE
    from ctypes.wintypes import BOOL, DWORD, HANDLE, LPWSTR
    from ctypes.wintypes import LPVOID  # pylint: disable=no-name-in-module

    self._DWORD = DWORD
    self._byref = byref

    # <http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms687401.aspx>
    self._WriteConsoleW = WINFUNCTYPE(
        BOOL, HANDLE, LPWSTR, DWORD, POINTER(DWORD), LPVOID)(
            ('WriteConsoleW', windll.kernel32))
    self._GetLastError = GetLastError

def win32_unicode_argv():
    from ctypes import POINTER, byref, cdll, c_int, windll
    from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR, LPWSTR

    GetCommandLineW = cdll.kernel32.GetCommandLineW
    GetCommandLineW.argtypes = []
    GetCommandLineW.restype = LPCWSTR

    CommandLineToArgvW = windll.shell32.CommandLineToArgvW
    CommandLineToArgvW.argtypes = [LPCWSTR, POINTER(c_int)]
    CommandLineToArgvW.restype = POINTER(LPWSTR)

    cmd = GetCommandLineW()
    argc = c_int(0)
    argv = CommandLineToArgvW(cmd, byref(argc))
    if argc.value > 0:
      # Remove Python executable and commands if present
      argc_value = int(argc.value)
      sys.argv = argv[argc_value-len(sys.argv):argc_value]

# Run from command line

def load_name(self, offset):
        """
        Load a timezone name from a DLL offset (integer).

        >>> from dateutil.tzwin import tzres
        >>> tzr = tzres()
        >>> print(tzr.load_name(112))
        'Eastern Standard Time'

        :param offset:
            A positive integer value referring to a string from the tzres dll.

        ..note:
            Offsets found in the registry are generally of the form
            `@tzres.dll,-114`. The offset in this case if 114, not -114.

        """
        resource = self.p_wchar()
        lpBuffer = ctypes.cast(ctypes.byref(resource), wintypes.LPWSTR)
        nchar = self.LoadStringW(self._tzres._handle, offset, lpBuffer, 0)
        return resource[:nchar]

def load_name(self, offset):
        """
        Load a timezone name from a DLL offset (integer).

        >>> from dateutil.tzwin import tzres
        >>> tzr = tzres()
        >>> print(tzr.load_name(112))
        'Eastern Standard Time'

        :param offset:
            A positive integer value referring to a string from the tzres dll.

        ..note:
            Offsets found in the registry are generally of the form
            `@tzres.dll,-114`. The offset in this case if 114, not -114.

        """
        resource = self.p_wchar()
        lpBuffer = ctypes.cast(ctypes.byref(resource), wintypes.LPWSTR)
        nchar = self.LoadStringW(self._tzres._handle, offset, lpBuffer, 0)
        return resource[:nchar]

def load_name(self, offset):
        """
        Load a timezone name from a DLL offset (integer).

        >>> from dateutil.tzwin import tzres
        >>> tzr = tzres()
        >>> print(tzr.load_name(112))
        'Eastern Standard Time'

        :param offset:
            A positive integer value referring to a string from the tzres dll.

        ..note:
            Offsets found in the registry are generally of the form
            `@tzres.dll,-114`. The offset in this case if 114, not -114.

        """
        resource = self.p_wchar()
        lpBuffer = ctypes.cast(ctypes.byref(resource), wintypes.LPWSTR)
        nchar = self.LoadStringW(self._tzres._handle, offset, lpBuffer, 0)
        return resource[:nchar]

def load_name(self, offset):
        """
        Load a timezone name from a DLL offset (integer).

        >>> from dateutil.tzwin import tzres
        >>> tzr = tzres()
        >>> print(tzr.load_name(112))
        'Eastern Standard Time'

        :param offset:
            A positive integer value referring to a string from the tzres dll.

        ..note:
            Offsets found in the registry are generally of the form
            `@tzres.dll,-114`. The offset in this case if 114, not -114.

        """
        resource = self.p_wchar()
        lpBuffer = ctypes.cast(ctypes.byref(resource), wintypes.LPWSTR)
        nchar = self.LoadStringW(self._tzres._handle, offset, lpBuffer, 0)
        return resource[:nchar]

def load_name(self, offset):
        """
        Load a timezone name from a DLL offset (integer).

        >>> from dateutil.tzwin import tzres
        >>> tzr = tzres()
        >>> print(tzr.load_name(112))
        'Eastern Standard Time'

        :param offset:
            A positive integer value referring to a string from the tzres dll.

        ..note:
            Offsets found in the registry are generally of the form
            `@tzres.dll,-114`. The offset in this case if 114, not -114.

        """
        resource = self.p_wchar()
        lpBuffer = ctypes.cast(ctypes.byref(resource), wintypes.LPWSTR)
        nchar = self.LoadStringW(self._tzres._handle, offset, lpBuffer, 0)
        return resource[:nchar]

def load_name(self, offset):
        """
        Load a timezone name from a DLL offset (integer).

        >>> from dateutil.tzwin import tzres
        >>> tzr = tzres()
        >>> print(tzr.load_name(112))
        'Eastern Standard Time'

        :param offset:
            A positive integer value referring to a string from the tzres dll.

        ..note:
            Offsets found in the registry are generally of the form
            `@tzres.dll,-114`. The offset in this case if 114, not -114.

        """
        resource = self.p_wchar()
        lpBuffer = ctypes.cast(ctypes.byref(resource), wintypes.LPWSTR)
        nchar = self.LoadStringW(self._tzres._handle, offset, lpBuffer, 0)
        return resource[:nchar]

def win32_unicode_argv():
    # type: () -> List[str]
    """Uses shell32.GetCommandLineArgvW to get sys.argv as a list of Unicode
    strings.
    Versions 2.x of Python don't support Unicode in sys.argv on
    Windows, with the underlying Windows API instead replacing multi-byte
    characters with '?'.
    """
    from ctypes import POINTER, byref, cdll, c_int, windll
    from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR, LPWSTR

    GetCommandLineW = cdll.kernel32.GetCommandLineW
    GetCommandLineW.argtypes = []
    GetCommandLineW.restype = LPCWSTR

    CommandLineToArgvW = windll.shell32.CommandLineToArgvW
    CommandLineToArgvW.argtypes = [LPCWSTR, POINTER(c_int)]
    CommandLineToArgvW.restype = POINTER(LPWSTR)

    cmd = GetCommandLineW()
    argc = c_int(0)
    argv = CommandLineToArgvW(cmd, byref(argc))
    if argc.value > 0:
        # Remove Python executable and commands if present
        start = argc.value - len(sys.argv)
        return [argv[i] for i in range(start, argc.value)]

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------

def WlanGetProfile(hClientHandle, pInterfaceGuid, profileName):
    """
        The WlanGetProfile function retrieves all information about a specified
        wireless profile.

        DWORD WINAPI WlanGetProfile(
            _In_         HANDLE hClientHandle,
            _In_         const GUID *pInterfaceGuid,
            _In_         LPCWSTR strProfileName,
            _Reserved_   PVOID pReserved,
            _Out_        LPWSTR *pstrProfileXml,
            _Inout_opt_  DWORD *pdwFlags,
            _Out_opt_    PDWORD pdwGrantedAccess
        );
    """
    func_ref = wlanapi.WlanGetProfile
    func_ref.argtypes = [HANDLE,
                         POINTER(GUID),
                         LPCWSTR,
                         c_void_p,
                         POINTER(LPWSTR),
                         POINTER(DWORD),
                         POINTER(DWORD)]
    func_ref.restype = DWORD
    pdw_granted_access = DWORD()
    xml = LPWSTR()
    flags = DWORD(WLAN_PROFILE_GET_PLAINTEXT_KEY)
    result = func_ref(hClientHandle,
                      byref(pInterfaceGuid),
                      profileName,
                      None,
                      byref(xml),
                      byref(flags),
                      byref(pdw_granted_access))
    if result != ERROR_SUCCESS:
        raise Exception("WlanGetProfile failed.")
    return xml

def __init__(self, tzres_loc='tzres.dll'):
        # Load the user32 DLL so we can load strings from tzres
        user32 = ctypes.WinDLL('user32')

        # Specify the LoadStringW function
        user32.LoadStringW.argtypes = (wintypes.HINSTANCE,
                                       wintypes.UINT,
                                       wintypes.LPWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_int)

        self.LoadStringW = user32.LoadStringW
        self._tzres = ctypes.WinDLL(tzres_loc)
        self.tzres_loc = tzres_loc

def __init__(self, tzres_loc='tzres.dll'):
        # Load the user32 DLL so we can load strings from tzres
        user32 = ctypes.WinDLL('user32')

        # Specify the LoadStringW function
        user32.LoadStringW.argtypes = (wintypes.HINSTANCE,
                                       wintypes.UINT,
                                       wintypes.LPWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_int)

        self.LoadStringW = user32.LoadStringW
        self._tzres = ctypes.WinDLL(tzres_loc)
        self.tzres_loc = tzres_loc

def __init__(self, tzres_loc='tzres.dll'):
        # Load the user32 DLL so we can load strings from tzres
        user32 = ctypes.WinDLL('user32')

        # Specify the LoadStringW function
        user32.LoadStringW.argtypes = (wintypes.HINSTANCE,
                                       wintypes.UINT,
                                       wintypes.LPWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_int)

        self.LoadStringW = user32.LoadStringW
        self._tzres = ctypes.WinDLL(tzres_loc)
        self.tzres_loc = tzres_loc

def __init__(self, tzres_loc='tzres.dll'):
        # Load the user32 DLL so we can load strings from tzres
        user32 = ctypes.WinDLL('user32')

        # Specify the LoadStringW function
        user32.LoadStringW.argtypes = (wintypes.HINSTANCE,
                                       wintypes.UINT,
                                       wintypes.LPWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_int)

        self.LoadStringW = user32.LoadStringW
        self._tzres = ctypes.WinDLL(tzres_loc)
        self.tzres_loc = tzres_loc

def __init__(self, tzres_loc='tzres.dll'):
        # Load the user32 DLL so we can load strings from tzres
        user32 = ctypes.WinDLL('user32')

        # Specify the LoadStringW function
        user32.LoadStringW.argtypes = (wintypes.HINSTANCE,
                                       wintypes.UINT,
                                       wintypes.LPWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_int)

        self.LoadStringW = user32.LoadStringW
        self._tzres = ctypes.WinDLL(tzres_loc)
        self.tzres_loc = tzres_loc

def __init__(self, tzres_loc='tzres.dll'):
        # Load the user32 DLL so we can load strings from tzres
        user32 = ctypes.WinDLL('user32')

        # Specify the LoadStringW function
        user32.LoadStringW.argtypes = (wintypes.HINSTANCE,
                                       wintypes.UINT,
                                       wintypes.LPWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_int)

        self.LoadStringW = user32.LoadStringW
        self._tzres = ctypes.WinDLL(tzres_loc)
        self.tzres_loc = tzres_loc

def windows_split_command_line(command):
    from ctypes import windll, c_int, POINTER, byref
    from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR, LPWSTR, HLOCAL

    CommandLineToArgvW = windll.shell32.CommandLineToArgvW
    CommandLineToArgvW.argtypes = [LPCWSTR, POINTER(c_int)]
    CommandLineToArgvW.restype = POINTER(LPWSTR)

    LocalFree = windll.kernel32.LocalFree
    LocalFree.argtypes = [HLOCAL]
    LocalFree.restype = HLOCAL

    argc = c_int(0)
    argv = CommandLineToArgvW(command, byref(argc))
    if not argv:
        # The docs say CommandLineToArgvW returns NULL on error, but they
        # don't describe any possible errors, so who knows when/if this happens.
        # Maybe only on low memory or something?
        raise WindowsCommandLineException("Windows could not parse command line: " + str(command))
    try:
        result = []
        i = 0
        while i < argc.value:
            try:
                result.append(str(argv[i]))
            except UnicodeEncodeError as e:
                message = (
                    "Windows cannot represent this command line in its character encoding: " + command + ": " + str(e))
                raise WindowsCommandLineException(message)
            i += 1
    finally:
        LocalFree(argv)
    return result

def genwinmap(codepage):
    MultiByteToWideChar = ctypes.windll.kernel32.MultiByteToWideChar
    MultiByteToWideChar.argtypes = [wintypes.UINT, wintypes.DWORD,
                                    wintypes.LPCSTR, ctypes.c_int,
                                    wintypes.LPWSTR, ctypes.c_int]
    MultiByteToWideChar.restype = ctypes.c_int

    enc2uni = {}

    for i in range(32) + [127]:
        enc2uni[i] = (i, 'CONTROL CHARACTER')

    for i in range(256):
        buf = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(2)
        ret = MultiByteToWideChar(
            codepage, 0,
            chr(i), 1,
            buf, 2)
        assert ret == 1, "invalid code page"
        assert buf[1] == '\x00'
        try:
            name = unicodedata.name(buf[0])
        except ValueError:
            try:
                name = enc2uni[i][1]
            except KeyError:
                name = ''

        enc2uni[i] = (ord(buf[0]), name)

    return enc2uni

def genwinmap(codepage):
    MultiByteToWideChar = ctypes.windll.kernel32.MultiByteToWideChar
    MultiByteToWideChar.argtypes = [wintypes.UINT, wintypes.DWORD,
                                    wintypes.LPCSTR, ctypes.c_int,
                                    wintypes.LPWSTR, ctypes.c_int]
    MultiByteToWideChar.restype = ctypes.c_int

    enc2uni = {}

    for i in range(32) + [127]:
        enc2uni[i] = (i, 'CONTROL CHARACTER')

    for i in range(256):
        buf = ctypes.create_unicode_buffer(2)
        ret = MultiByteToWideChar(
            codepage, 0,
            chr(i), 1,
            buf, 2)
        assert ret == 1, "invalid code page"
        assert buf[1] == '\x00'
        try:
            name = unicodedata.name(buf[0])
        except ValueError:
            try:
                name = enc2uni[i][1]
            except KeyError:
                name = ''

        enc2uni[i] = (ord(buf[0]), name)

    return enc2uni

def __init__(self, tzres_loc='tzres.dll'):
        # Load the user32 DLL so we can load strings from tzres
        user32 = ctypes.WinDLL('user32')

        # Specify the LoadStringW function
        user32.LoadStringW.argtypes = (wintypes.HINSTANCE,
                                       wintypes.UINT,
                                       wintypes.LPWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_int)

        self.LoadStringW = user32.LoadStringW
        self._tzres = ctypes.WinDLL(tzres_loc)
        self.tzres_loc = tzres_loc

def __init__(self, tzres_loc='tzres.dll'):
        # Load the user32 DLL so we can load strings from tzres
        user32 = ctypes.WinDLL('user32')

        # Specify the LoadStringW function
        user32.LoadStringW.argtypes = (wintypes.HINSTANCE,
                                       wintypes.UINT,
                                       wintypes.LPWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_int)

        self.LoadStringW = user32.LoadStringW
        self._tzres = ctypes.WinDLL(tzres_loc)
        self.tzres_loc = tzres_loc

def __init__(self, tzres_loc='tzres.dll'):
        # Load the user32 DLL so we can load strings from tzres
        user32 = ctypes.WinDLL('user32')

        # Specify the LoadStringW function
        user32.LoadStringW.argtypes = (wintypes.HINSTANCE,
                                       wintypes.UINT,
                                       wintypes.LPWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_int)

        self.LoadStringW = user32.LoadStringW
        self._tzres = ctypes.WinDLL(tzres_loc)
        self.tzres_loc = tzres_loc

def __init__(self, tzres_loc='tzres.dll'):
        # Load the user32 DLL so we can load strings from tzres
        user32 = ctypes.WinDLL('user32')

        # Specify the LoadStringW function
        user32.LoadStringW.argtypes = (wintypes.HINSTANCE,
                                       wintypes.UINT,
                                       wintypes.LPWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_int)

        self.LoadStringW = user32.LoadStringW
        self._tzres = ctypes.WinDLL(tzres_loc)
        self.tzres_loc = tzres_loc

def __init__(self, tzres_loc='tzres.dll'):
        # Load the user32 DLL so we can load strings from tzres
        user32 = ctypes.WinDLL('user32')

        # Specify the LoadStringW function
        user32.LoadStringW.argtypes = (wintypes.HINSTANCE,
                                       wintypes.UINT,
                                       wintypes.LPWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_int)

        self.LoadStringW = user32.LoadStringW
        self._tzres = ctypes.WinDLL(tzres_loc)
        self.tzres_loc = tzres_loc

def win32_utf8_argv():
    """Uses shell32.GetCommandLineArgvW to get sys.argv as a list of Unicode
    strings.

    Versions 2.x of Python don't support Unicode in sys.argv on
    Windows, with the underlying Windows API instead replacing multi-byte
    characters with '?'.
    """

    from ctypes import POINTER, byref, cdll, c_int, windll
    from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR, LPWSTR

    GetCommandLineW = cdll.kernel32.GetCommandLineW
    GetCommandLineW.argtypes = []
    GetCommandLineW.restype = LPCWSTR

    CommandLineToArgvW = windll.shell32.CommandLineToArgvW
    CommandLineToArgvW.argtypes = [LPCWSTR, POINTER(c_int)]
    CommandLineToArgvW.restype = POINTER(LPWSTR)

    cmd = GetCommandLineW()
    argc = c_int(0)
    argv = CommandLineToArgvW(cmd, byref(argc))
    argnum = argc.value
    sysnum = len(sys.argv)
    result = []
    if argnum > 0:
        # Remove Python executable and commands if present
        start = argnum - sysnum
        for i in range(start, argnum):
            result.append(argv[i].encode('utf-8'))
    return result


# enable unicode output to windows console
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/878972/windows-cmd-encoding-change-causes-python-crash

def __init__(self, tzres_loc='tzres.dll'):
        # Load the user32 DLL so we can load strings from tzres
        user32 = ctypes.WinDLL('user32')

        # Specify the LoadStringW function
        user32.LoadStringW.argtypes = (wintypes.HINSTANCE,
                                       wintypes.UINT,
                                       wintypes.LPWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_int)

        self.LoadStringW = user32.LoadStringW
        self._tzres = ctypes.WinDLL(tzres_loc)
        self.tzres_loc = tzres_loc

def __init__(self, tzres_loc='tzres.dll'):
        # Load the user32 DLL so we can load strings from tzres
        user32 = ctypes.WinDLL('user32')

        # Specify the LoadStringW function
        user32.LoadStringW.argtypes = (wintypes.HINSTANCE,
                                       wintypes.UINT,
                                       wintypes.LPWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_int)

        self.LoadStringW = user32.LoadStringW
        self._tzres = ctypes.WinDLL(tzres_loc)
        self.tzres_loc = tzres_loc

def windows_split_command_line(command):
    from ctypes import windll, c_int, POINTER, byref
    from ctypes.wintypes import LPCWSTR, LPWSTR, HLOCAL

    CommandLineToArgvW = windll.shell32.CommandLineToArgvW
    CommandLineToArgvW.argtypes = [LPCWSTR, POINTER(c_int)]
    CommandLineToArgvW.restype = POINTER(LPWSTR)

    LocalFree = windll.kernel32.LocalFree
    LocalFree.argtypes = [HLOCAL]
    LocalFree.restype = HLOCAL

    argc = c_int(0)
    argv = CommandLineToArgvW(command, byref(argc))
    if not argv:
        # The docs say CommandLineToArgvW returns NULL on error, but they
        # don't describe any possible errors, so who knows when/if this happens.
        # Maybe only on low memory or something?
        raise WindowsCommandLineException("Windows could not parse command line: " + str(command))
    try:
        result = []
        i = 0
        while i < argc.value:
            try:
                result.append(str(argv[i]))
            except UnicodeEncodeError as e:
                message = (
                    "Windows cannot represent this command line in its character encoding: " + command + ": " + str(e))
                raise WindowsCommandLineException(message)
            i += 1
    finally:
        LocalFree(argv)
    return result

def CryptUnprotectData(data, optional_entropy=None, prompt_struct=None, flags=0):
    """
    Returns a tuple of (description, data) where description is the
    the description that was passed to the CryptProtectData call and
    data is the decrypted result.
    """
    data_in = DATA_BLOB(data)
    entropy = DATA_BLOB(optional_entropy) if optional_entropy else None
    data_out = DATA_BLOB()
    ptr_description = wintypes.LPWSTR()
    res = _CryptUnprotectData(
        data_in,
        ctypes.byref(ptr_description),
        entropy,
        None, # reserved
        prompt_struct,
        flags | CRYPTPROTECT_UI_FORBIDDEN,
        data_out,
        )
    handle_nonzero_success(res)
    description = ptr_description.value
    if ptr_description.value is not None:
        ctypes.windll.kernel32.LocalFree(ptr_description)
    res = data_out.get_data()
    data_out.free()
    return description, res

def __init__(self, tzres_loc='tzres.dll'):
        # Load the user32 DLL so we can load strings from tzres
        user32 = ctypes.WinDLL('user32')

        # Specify the LoadStringW function
        user32.LoadStringW.argtypes = (wintypes.HINSTANCE,
                                       wintypes.UINT,
                                       wintypes.LPWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_int)

        self.LoadStringW = user32.LoadStringW
        self._tzres = ctypes.WinDLL(tzres_loc)
        self.tzres_loc = tzres_loc

def __init__(self, tzres_loc='tzres.dll'):
        # Load the user32 DLL so we can load strings from tzres
        user32 = ctypes.WinDLL('user32')

        # Specify the LoadStringW function
        user32.LoadStringW.argtypes = (wintypes.HINSTANCE,
                                       wintypes.UINT,
                                       wintypes.LPWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_int)

        self.LoadStringW = user32.LoadStringW
        self._tzres = ctypes.WinDLL(tzres_loc)
        self.tzres_loc = tzres_loc

def __init__(self, folder):
            self.folder = folder
            # Check the best way to do atomic file replacement.
            if sys.version_info >= (3, 3):
                self.replace = os.replace
            elif sys.platform == "win32":
                import ctypes
                from ctypes import wintypes
                ReplaceFile = ctypes.windll.kernel32.ReplaceFileW
                ReplaceFile.restype = wintypes.BOOL
                ReplaceFile.argtypes = [
                    wintypes.LPWSTR,
                    wintypes.LPWSTR,
                    wintypes.LPWSTR,
                    wintypes.DWORD,
                    wintypes.LPVOID,
                    wintypes.LPVOID,
                    ]

                def replace_windows(src, dst):
                    if not ReplaceFile(dst, src, None, 0, 0, 0):
                        os.rename(src, dst)

                self.replace = replace_windows
            else:
                # POSIX rename() is always atomic
                self.replace = os.rename

def __init__(self, tzres_loc='tzres.dll'):
        # Load the user32 DLL so we can load strings from tzres
        user32 = ctypes.WinDLL('user32')

        # Specify the LoadStringW function
        user32.LoadStringW.argtypes = (wintypes.HINSTANCE,
                                       wintypes.UINT,
                                       wintypes.LPWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_int)

        self.LoadStringW = user32.LoadStringW
        self._tzres = ctypes.WinDLL(tzres_loc)
        self.tzres_loc = tzres_loc

def __init__(self, tzres_loc='tzres.dll'):
        # Load the user32 DLL so we can load strings from tzres
        user32 = ctypes.WinDLL('user32')

        # Specify the LoadStringW function
        user32.LoadStringW.argtypes = (wintypes.HINSTANCE,
                                       wintypes.UINT,
                                       wintypes.LPWSTR,
                                       ctypes.c_int)

        self.LoadStringW = user32.LoadStringW
        self._tzres = ctypes.WinDLL(tzres_loc)
        self.tzres_loc = tzres_loc