Struts 2发送电子邮件

本章介绍如何使用Struts 2应用程序发送电子邮件。

在本练习中，您需要从https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javasebusiness/downloads/java-archive-downloads-eeplat-419426.html#javamail-1.4.4-oth-JPR下载并安装mail.jar ，并将 mail.jar 文件放入WEB-INF \ lib文件夹中，然后继续执行创建操作，查看和配置的标准步骤文件。

创建行动

下一步是创建一个负责发送电子邮件的Action方法。让我们用以下内容创建一个名为 Emailer.java 的新类。

package com.CodingDict.struts2;

import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class Emailer extends ActionSupport {

   private String from;
   private String password;
   private String to;
   private String subject;
   private String body;

   static Properties properties = new Properties();
   static {
      properties.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.gmail.com");
      properties.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", "465");
      properties.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class",
         "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory");
      properties.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
      properties.put("mail.smtp.port", "465");
   }

   public String execute() {
      String ret = SUCCESS;
      try {
         Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties,  
            new javax.mail.Authenticator() {
               protected PasswordAuthentication
               getPasswordAuthentication() {
                  return new
                  PasswordAuthentication(from, password);
               }
            }
         );

         Message message = new MimeMessage(session);
         message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
         message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO,
            InternetAddress.parse(to));
         message.setSubject(subject);
         message.setText(body);
         Transport.send(message);
      } catch(Exception e) {
         ret = ERROR;
         e.printStackTrace();
      }
      return ret;
   }

   public String getFrom() {
      return from;
   }

   public void setFrom(String from) {
      this.from = from;
   }

   public String getPassword() {
      return password;
   }

   public void setPassword(String password) {
      this.password = password;
   }

   public String getTo() {
      return to;
   }

   public void setTo(String to) {
      this.to = to;
   }

   public String getSubject() {
      return subject;
   }

   public void setSubject(String subject) {
      this.subject = subject;
   }

   public String getBody() {
      return body;
   }

   public void setBody(String body) {
      this.body = body;
   }

   public static Properties getProperties() {
      return properties;
   }

   public static void setProperties(Properties properties) {
      Emailer.properties = properties;
   }
}

如上面的源代码所示， Emailer.java的 属性对应于下面给出的email.jsp页面中的表单属性。这些属性是 -

  • From - 发件人的电子邮件地址。 当我们使用Google的SMTP时，我们需要一个有效的gtalk id

  • Password - 上述帐户的密码

  • To - 谁将电子邮件发送给？

  • Subject - 电子邮件的 主题

  • Body -实际的电子邮件消息

我们没有考虑上述字段的任何验证，验证将在下一章添加。现在让我们看看execute（）方法。execute（）方法使用javax邮件库使用提供的参数发送电子邮件。如果邮件发送成功，则操作返回SUCCESS，否则返回ERROR。

创建主页面

让我们编写主页JSP文件 index.jsp ，它将用于收集上述电子邮件相关信息 -

<%@ page language = "java" contentType = "text/html; charset = ISO-8859-1"
   pageEncoding = "ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@ taglib prefix = "s" uri = "/struts-tags"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
   "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>
   <head>
   <title>Email Form</title>
   </head>

   <body>
      <em>The form below uses Google's SMTP server.
         So you need to enter a gmail username and password
      </em>

      <form action = "emailer" method = "post">
         <label for = "from">From</label><br/>
         <input type = "text" name = "from"/><br/>
         <label for = "password">Password</label><br/>
         <input type = "password" name = "password"/><br/>
         <label for = "to">To</label><br/>
         <input type = "text" name = "to"/><br/>
         <label for = "subject">Subject</label><br/>
         <input type = "text" name = "subject"/><br/>
         <label for = "body">Body</label><br/>
         <input type = "text" name = "body"/><br/>
         <input type = "submit" value = "Send Email"/>
      </form>
   </body>
</html>

创建视图

我们将使用JSP文件 success.jsp ，以便在操作返回SUCCESS时调用，但如果操作返回了ERROR，我们将有另一个视图文件。

<%@ page language = "java" contentType = "text/html; charset = ISO-8859-1"
   pageEncoding = "ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@ taglib prefix = "s" uri = "/struts-tags"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
   "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>
   <head>
      <title>Email Success</title>
   </head>

   <body>
      Your email to <s:property value = "to"/> was sent successfully.
   </body>
</html>

如果 从操作返回ERROR，则以下将为视图文件 error.jsp 。

<%@ page language = "java" contentType = "text/html; charset = ISO-8859-1"
   pageEncoding = "ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@ taglib prefix = "s" uri = "/struts-tags"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
   "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>
   <head>
      <title>Email Error</title>
   </head>

   <body>
      There is a problem sending your email to <s:property value = "to"/>.
   </body>
</html>

配置文件

现在让我们使用struts.xml配置文件将所有内容放在一起，如下所示 -

<?xml version = "1.0" Encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
   "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
   "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

<struts>
   <constant name = "struts.devMode" value = "true" />
   <package name = "helloworld" extends = "struts-default">

      <action name = "emailer"
         class = "com.CodingDict.struts2.Emailer"
         method = "execute">
         <result name = "success">/success.jsp</result>
         <result name = "error">/error.jsp</result>
      </action>

   </package>
</struts>

以下是 web.xml 文件的内容-

<?xml version = "1.0" Encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns = "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
   xmlns:web = "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
   http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
   id = "WebApp_ID" version = "3.0">

   <display-name>Struts 2</display-name>

   <welcome-file-list>
      <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
   </welcome-file-list>

   <filter>
      <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
      <filter-class>
         org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher
      </filter-class>
   </filter>

   <filter-mapping>
      <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
   </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

现在，右键单击项目名称，然后单击 导出 > WAR文件创建一个 WAR 文件。然后将这个WAR部署到Tomcat的webapps目录中。最后，启动Tomcat服务器并尝试访问URL http：// localhost：8080 / HelloWorldStruts2 / index.jsp 。这将产生以下屏幕 -

Email用户输入

输入所需信息，然后单击 发送电子邮件 按钮。如果一切顺利，那么你应该看到下面的页面。

电邮成功