PHP发送电子邮件

必须在 php.ini 文件中正确配置PHP，并提供系统如何发送电子邮件的详细信息。打开 / etc / 目录下的php.ini文件，找到 [邮件功能]部分 。

Windows用户应该确保提供了两个指令。第一个称为SMTP，用于定义您的电子邮件服务器地址。第二个被称为sendmail_from，它定义了你自己的电子邮件地址。

Windows的配置应该看起来像这样 -

[mail function]
; For Win32 only.
SMTP = smtp.secureserver.net

; For win32 only
sendmail_from = webmaster@CodingDict.com

Linux用户只需让PHP知道他们的 sendmail 应用程序的位置。应该为sendmail_path指令指定路径和任何所需的开关。

Linux的配置应该看起来像这样 -

[mail function]
; For Win32 only.
SMTP =

; For win32 only
sendmail_from =

; For Unix only
sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i

现在你已经准备好了 -

发送纯文本电子邮件

PHP利用 mail（） 函数发送电子邮件。这个函数需要三个强制参数来指定接收者的电子邮件地址，消息主题和实际消息，另外还有其他两个可选参数。

mail( to, subject, message, headers, parameters );

这里是每个参数的描述。

Sr.No	参数和说明
1	to 需要。指定电子邮件的接收者/接收者
2	subject 需要。指定电子邮件的主题。该参数不能包含任何换行符
3	message 需要。定义要发送的消息。每行应以LF（\ n）分隔。行不应超过70个字符
4	headers 可选的。指定其他标题，如From，Cc和Bcc。额外的头文件应该用CRLF（\ r \ n）分隔
5	parameters 可选的。指定发送邮件程序的附加参数

只要邮件函数被调用，PHP将尝试发送电子邮件，如果成功则返回true，否则返回false。

可以将多个收件人指定为逗号分隔列表中mail（）函数的第一个参数。

发送HTML电子邮件

当您使用PHP发送文本消息时，所有内容将被视为简单文本。即使您将文本消息中包含HTML标记，它也会显示为简单的文本，并且HTML标记不会根据HTML语法进行格式化。但是PHP提供了将HTML消息作为实际HTML消息发送的选项。

发送电子邮件时，您可以指定Mime版本，内容类型和字符集以发送HTML电子邮件。

例

以下示例将向xyz@somedomain.com发送HTML电子邮件，并将其复制到afgh@somedomain.com。你可以编写这个程序，它应该接收用户的所有内容，然后发送一封电子邮件。

<html>

   <head>
      <title>Sending HTML email using PHP</title>
   </head>

   <body>

      <?php
         $to = "xyz@somedomain.com";
         $subject = "This is subject";

         $message = "<b>This is HTML message.</b>";
         $message .= "<h1>This is headline.</h1>";

         $header = "From:abc@somedomain.com \r\n";
         $header .= "Cc:afgh@somedomain.com \r\n";
         $header .= "MIME-Version: 1.0\r\n";
         $header .= "Content-type: text/html\r\n";

         $retval = mail ($to,$subject,$message,$header);

         if( $retval == true ) {
            echo "Message sent successfully...";
         }else {
            echo "Message could not be sent...";
         }
      ?>

   </body>
</html>

用电子邮件发送附件

要发送混合内容的电子邮件，需要将 Content-type 标题设置为 多部分/混合 。然后可以在边界内指定文本和附件部分。

边界以两个连字符开头，后面跟着一个不能出现在电子邮件的消息部分的唯一编号。PHP函数 md5（） 用于创建一个32位十六进制数字来创建唯一编号。表示电子邮件最后一部分的最后边界也必须以两个连字符结尾。

<?php
   // request variables // important
   $from = $_REQUEST["from"];
   $emaila = $_REQUEST["emaila"];
   $filea = $_REQUEST["filea"];

   if ($filea) {
      function mail_attachment ($from , $to, $subject, $message, $attachment){
         $fileatt = $attachment; // Path to the file
         $fileatt_type = "application/octet-stream"; // File Type

         $start = strrpos($attachment, '/') == -1 ?
            strrpos($attachment, '//') : strrpos($attachment, '/')+1;

         $fileatt_name = substr($attachment, $start,
            strlen($attachment)); // Filename that will be used for the
            file as the attachment

         $email_from = $from; // Who the email is from
         $subject = "New Attachment Message";

         $email_subject =  $subject; // The Subject of the email
         $email_txt = $message; // Message that the email has in it
         $email_to = $to; // Who the email is to

         $headers = "From: ".$email_from;
         $file = fopen($fileatt,'rb');
         $data = fread($file,filesize($fileatt));
         fclose($file);

         $msg_txt="\n\n You have recieved a new attachment message from $from";
         $semi_rand = md5(time());
         $mime_boundary = "==Multipart_Boundary_x{$semi_rand}x";
         $headers .= "\nMIME-Version: 1.0\n" . "Content-Type: multipart/mixed;\n" . "
            boundary=\"{$mime_boundary}\"";

         $email_txt .= $msg_txt;

         $email_message .= "This is a multi-part message in MIME format.\n\n" .
            "--{$mime_boundary}\n" . "Content-Type:text/html;
            charset = \"iso-8859-1\"\n" . "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit\n\n" .
            $email_txt . "\n\n";

         $data = chunk_split(base64_encode($data));

         $email_message .= "--{$mime_boundary}\n" . "Content-Type: {$fileatt_type};\n" .
            " name = \"{$fileatt_name}\"\n" . //"Content-Disposition: attachment;\n" .
            //" filename = \"{$fileatt_name}\"\n" . "Content-Transfer-Encoding:
            base64\n\n" . $data . "\n\n" . "--{$mime_boundary}--\n";

         $ok = mail($email_to, $email_subject, $email_message, $headers);

         if($ok) {
            echo "File Sent Successfully.";
            unlink($attachment); // delete a file after attachment sent.
         }else {
            die("Sorry but the email could not be sent. Please go back and try again!");
         }
      }
      move_uploaded_file($_FILES["filea"]["tmp_name"],
         'temp/'.basename($_FILES['filea']['name']));

      mail_attachment("$from", "youremailaddress@gmail.com",
         "subject", "message", ("temp/".$_FILES["filea"]["name"]));
   }
?>

<html>
   <head>

      <script language = "javascript" type = "text/javascript">
         function CheckData45() {
            with(document.filepost) {
               if(filea.value ! = "") {
                  document.getElementById('one').innerText =
                     "Attaching File ... Please Wait";
               }
            }
         }
      </script>

   </head>
   <body>

      <table width = "100%" height = "100%" border = "0"
         cellpadding = "0" cellspacing = "0">
         <tr>
            <td align = "center">
               <form name = "filepost" method = "post"
                  action = "file.php" enctype = "multipart/form-data" id = "file">

                  <table width = "300" border = "0" cellspacing = "0"
                     cellpadding = "0">

                     <tr valign = "bottom">
                        <td height = "20">Your Name:</td>
                     </tr>

                     <tr>
                        <td><input name = "from" type = "text"
                           id = "from" size = "30"></td>
                     </tr>

                     <tr valign = "bottom">
                        <td height = "20">Your Email Address:</td>
                     </tr>

                     <tr>
                        <td class = "frmtxt2"><input name = "emaila"
                           type = "text" id = "emaila" size = "30"></td>
                     </tr>

                     <tr>
                        <td height = "20" valign = "bottom">Attach File:</td>
                     </tr>

                     <tr valign = "bottom">
                        <td valign = "bottom"><input name = "filea"
                           type = "file" id = "filea" size = "16"></td>
                     </tr>

                     <tr>
                        <td height = "40" valign = "middle"><input
                           name = "Reset2" type = "reset" id = "Reset2" value = "Reset">
                        <input name = "Submit2" type = "submit"
                           value = "Submit" onClick = "return CheckData45()"></td>
                     </tr>
                  </table>

               </form>

               <center>
                  <table width = "400">

                     <tr>
                        <td id = "one">
                        </td>
                     </tr>

                  </table>
               </center>

            </td>
         </tr>
      </table>

   </body>
</html>