Spring Boot - Rest Template

Rest模板用于创建使用RESTful Web服务的应用程序。您可以使用exchange()方法为所有HTTP方法使用Web服务。下面给出的代码显示了如何创建Bean for Rest Template以自动连接Rest Template对象。

package com.codingdict.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
   }
   @Bean
   public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
      return new RestTemplate();
   }
}

GET

使用RestTemplate - exchange()方法使用GET API

假设此URL http://localhost:8080/products返回以下JSON，我们将使用以下代码使用Rest Template来使用此API响应

[
   {
      "id": "1",
      "name": "Honey"
   },
   {
      "id": "2",
      "name": "Almond"
   }
]

您将必须遵循给定的点来使用API​​

  • 自动装配Rest模板对象。
  • 使用HttpHeaders设置请求标头。
  • 使用HttpEntity包装请求对象。
  • 为Exchange()方法提供URL，HttpMethod和Return类型。
@RestController
public class ConsumeWebService {
   @Autowired
   RestTemplate restTemplate;

   @RequestMapping(value = "/template/products")
   public String getProductList() {
      HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
      headers.setAccept(Arrays.asList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
      HttpEntity <String> entity = new HttpEntity<String>(headers);

      return restTemplate.exchange("
         http://localhost:8080/products", HttpMethod.GET, entity, String.class).getBody();
   }
}

POST

通过使用RestTemplate - exchange()方法来使用POST API

假设此URL http://localhost:8080/products返回如下所示的响应，我们将使用Rest模板使用此API响应。

下面给出的代码是请求正文

{
   "id":"3",
   "name":"Ginger"
}

下面给出的代码是响应机构

Product is created successfully

您必须遵循以下给出的要点来使用API​​

  • 自动装配Rest模板对象。

  • 使用HttpHeaders设置请求标头。

  • 使用HttpEntity来包装请求对象。在这里，我们将Product对象包装起来以将其发送到请求主体。

  • 为exchange()方法提供URL，HttpMethod和Return类型。

@RestController
public class ConsumeWebService {
   @Autowired
   RestTemplate restTemplate;

   @RequestMapping(value = "/template/products", method = RequestMethod.POST)
   public String createProducts(@RequestBody Product product) {
      HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
      headers.setAccept(Arrays.asList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
      HttpEntity<Product> entity = new HttpEntity<Product>(product,headers);

      return restTemplate.exchange(
         "http://localhost:8080/products", HttpMethod.POST, entity, String.class).getBody();
   }
}

PUT

通过使用RestTemplate - exchange()方法来使用PUT API

假设此URL http://localhost:8080/products/3 a返回以下响应，我们将使用Rest Template来使用此API响应。

下面给出的代码是申请机构

{
   "name":"Indian Ginger"
}

下面给出的代码是响应机构

Product is updated successfully

您必须遵循以下给出的要点来使用API​​

  • 自动装配Rest模板对象。

  • 使用HttpHeaders设置请求标头。

  • 使用HttpEntity包装请求对象。在这里，我们将Product对象包装起来以将其发送到请求主体。

  • 为exchange()方法提供URL，HttpMethod和Return类型。

@RestController
public class ConsumeWebService {
   @Autowired
   RestTemplate restTemplate;

   @RequestMapping(value = "/template/products/{id}", method = RequestMethod.PUT)
   public String updateProduct(@PathVariable("id") String id, @RequestBody Product product) {
      HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
      headers.setAccept(Arrays.asList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
      HttpEntity<Product> entity = new HttpEntity<Product>(product,headers);

      return restTemplate.exchange(
         "http://localhost:8080/products/"+id, HttpMethod.PUT, entity, String.class).getBody();
   }
}

删除

使用RestTemplate - exchange()方法使用DELETE API

假设此URL http://localhost:8080/products/3 返回下面给出的响应，我们将使用Rest Template来使用此API响应。

下面显示的这行代码是响应正文

Product is deleted successfully

您必须按照下面显示的点来使用API​​

  • 自动装配Rest模板对象。

  • 使用HttpHeaders设置请求标头。

  • 使用HttpEntity包装请求对象。

  • 为exchange()方法提供URL，HttpMethod和Return类型。

@RestController
public class ConsumeWebService {
   @Autowired
   RestTemplate restTemplate;

   @RequestMapping(value = "/template/products/{id}", method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
   public String deleteProduct(@PathVariable("id") String id) {
      HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
      headers.setAccept(Arrays.asList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
      HttpEntity<Product> entity = new HttpEntity<Product>(headers);

      return restTemplate.exchange(
         "http://localhost:8080/products/"+id, HttpMethod.DELETE, entity, String.class).getBody();
   }
}

完整的Rest Template Controller类文件如下

package com.codingdict.demo.controller;

import java.util.Arrays;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpEntity;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import com.codingdict.demo.model.Product;

@RestController
public class ConsumeWebService {
   @Autowired
   RestTemplate restTemplate;

   @RequestMapping(value = "/template/products")
   public String getProductList() {
      HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
      headers.setAccept(Arrays.asList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
      HttpEntity<String> entity = new HttpEntity<String>(headers);

      return restTemplate.exchange(
         "http://localhost:8080/products", HttpMethod.GET, entity, String.class).getBody();
   }
   @RequestMapping(value = "/template/products", method = RequestMethod.POST)
   public String createProducts(@RequestBody Product product) {
      HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
      headers.setAccept(Arrays.asList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
      HttpEntity<Product> entity = new HttpEntity<Product>(product,headers);

      return restTemplate.exchange(
         "http://localhost:8080/products", HttpMethod.POST, entity, String.class).getBody();
   }
   @RequestMapping(value = "/template/products/{id}", method = RequestMethod.PUT)
   public String updateProduct(@PathVariable("id") String id, @RequestBody Product product) {
      HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
      headers.setAccept(Arrays.asList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
      HttpEntity<Product> entity = new HttpEntity<Product>(product,headers);

      return restTemplate.exchange(
         "http://localhost:8080/products/"+id, HttpMethod.PUT, entity, String.class).getBody();
   }
   @RequestMapping(value = "/template/products/{id}", method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
   public String deleteProduct(@PathVariable("id") String id) {
      HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
      headers.setAccept(Arrays.asList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
      HttpEntity<Product> entity = new HttpEntity<Product>(headers);

      return restTemplate.exchange(
         "http://localhost:8080/products/"+id, HttpMethod.DELETE, entity, String.class).getBody();
   }
}

Spring Boot Application Class的代码 - DemoApplication.java如下

package com.codingdict.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
   }
}

Maven build的代码 - pom.xml如下

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
   xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
   http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>com.codingdict</groupId>
   <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
   <packaging>jar</packaging>
   <name>demo</name>
   <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

   <parent>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
      <version>1.5.8.RELEASE</version>
      <relativePath/>
   </parent>

   <properties>
      <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
      <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
      <java.version>1.8</java.version>
   </properties>

   <dependencies>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
         <scope>test</scope>
      </dependency>
   </dependencies>

   <build>
      <plugins>
         <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
         </plugin>
      </plugins>
   </build>

</project>

Gradle Build - build.gradle的代码如下

buildscript {
   ext {
      springBootVersion = '1.5.8.RELEASE'
   }
   repositories {
      mavenCentral()
   }
   dependencies {
      classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")
   }
}

apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse'
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'

group = 'com.codingdict'
version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = 1.8

repositories {
   mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
   compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web')
   testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
}

您可以创建可执行的JAR文件，并使用以下Maven或Gradle命令运行Spring Boot应用程序 -

对于Maven，您可以使用下面给出的命令

mvn clean install

在“BUILD SUCCESS”之后，您可以在目标目录下找到JAR文件。

对于Gradle，您可以使用下面显示的命令

gradle clean build

在“BUILD SUCCESSFUL”之后，您可以在build/libs目录下找到JAR文件。

现在，使用以下命令运行JAR文件

java –jar <JARFILE>

现在，应用程序已在Tomcat端口8080上启动。

输出

现在点击POSTMAN应用程序中的以下URL，您可以看到输出。

通过休息模板获取产品 - http://localhost:8080/template/products

输出

创建产品POST - http://localhost:8080/template/products

输出

更新产品PUT - http://localhost:8080/template/products/3

输出

删除产品 - http://localhost:8080/template/products/3

输出