Spring Boot - Hystrix Spring Boot - 发送电子邮件 Spring Boot - Web Socket Hystrix是Netflix的一个库。Hystrix隔离了服务之间的访问点,阻止了它们之间的级联故障并提供了后备选项。 例如,当你调用一个3 次第三方应用程序,它需要更多的时间来发送响应。所以在那个时候,控件转到了回退方法并将自定义响应返回给你的应用程序。 在本章中,您将看到如何在Spring Boot应用程序中实现Hystrix。 首先,我们需要在构建配置文件中添加Spring Cloud Starter Hystrix依赖项。 Maven用户可以在pom.xml文件中添加以下依赖项 <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId> </dependency> Gradle用户可以在build.gradle文件中添加以下依赖项 compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-hystrix') 现在,将@EnableHystrix注释添加到主Spring Boot应用程序类文件中。@EnableHystrix注释用于将Hystrix功能启用到Spring Boot应用程序中。 主要的Spring Boot应用程序类文件代码如下 package com.codingdict.hystrixapp; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.EnableHystrix; @SpringBootApplication @EnableHystrix public class HystrixappApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(HystrixappApplication.class, args); } } 现在编写一个简单的Rest Controller,使其在请求的时间3秒后返回String。 @RequestMapping(value = "/") public String hello() throws InterruptedException { Thread.sleep(3000); return "Welcome Hystrix"; } 现在,为Rest API添加@Hystrix命令和@HystrixProperty,并以毫秒为单位定义超时值。 @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "fallback_hello", commandProperties = { @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds", value = "1000") }) 接下来,如果请求需要很长时间来响应,请定义回退方法fallback_hello()。 private String fallback_hello() { return "Request fails. It takes long time to response"; } 此处显示包含REST API和Hystrix属性的完整Rest Controller类文件 @RequestMapping(value = "/") @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "fallback_hello", commandProperties = { @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds", value = "1000") }) public String hello() throws InterruptedException { Thread.sleep(3000); return "Welcome Hystrix"; } private String fallback_hello() { return "Request fails. It takes long time to response"; } 在此示例中,REST API编写在主Spring Boot应用程序类文件本身中。 package com.codingdict.hystrixapp; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixProperty; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.EnableHystrix; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand; @SpringBootApplication @EnableHystrix @RestController public class HystrixappApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(HystrixappApplication.class, args); } @RequestMapping(value = "/") @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "fallback_hello", commandProperties = { @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds", value = "1000") }) public String hello() throws InterruptedException { Thread.sleep(3000); return "Welcome Hystrix"; } private String fallback_hello() { return "Request fails. It takes long time to response"; } } 完整的构建配置文件如下所示。 Maven - pom.xml文件 <?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?> <project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.codingdict</groupId> <artifactId>hystrixapp</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>hystrixapp</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> <spring-cloud.version>Edgware.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-hystrix</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project> Gradle - build.gradle buildscript { ext { springBootVersion = '1.5.9.RELEASE' } repositories { mavenCentral() } dependencies { classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}") } } apply plugin: 'java' apply plugin: 'eclipse' apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot' group = 'com.codingdict' version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT' sourceCompatibility = 1.8 repositories { mavenCentral() } ext { springCloudVersion = 'Edgware.RELEASE' } dependencies { compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-hystrix') compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web') testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test') } dependencyManagement { imports { mavenBom "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-dependencies:${springCloudVersion}" } } 您可以创建可执行的JAR文件,并使用以下Maven或Gradle命令运行Spring Boot应用程序 - 对于Maven,使用如下所示的命令 mvn clean install 在“BUILD SUCCESS”之后,您可以在目标目录下找到JAR文件。 对于Gradle,使用如下所示的命令 gradle clean build 在“BUILD SUCCESSFUL”之后,您可以在build / libs目录下找到JAR文件。 现在,使用下面给出的命令运行JAR文件 java –jar <JARFILE> 这将在Tomcat端口8080上启动应用程序,如下所示 现在,从Web浏览器中点击URL http://localhost:8080/,然后查看Hystrix响应。API需要3秒钟才能响应,但Hystrix超时为1秒。 Spring Boot - 发送电子邮件 Spring Boot - Web Socket